In the video Freud Stages of Psycho sexual development included: The Oral Stage which is from birth to to 2 years of age. It discusses that if a child does not go through this stage normally they can develop fixation,and here is where "Id' comes in. Next we have the Anal stage when a child is being potty trained ,If he/she is pressured they will become "Anal Compulsive" meaning very neat and organized or become "Anal Expulsive" which is when you are not demanding with them they tend to be messy. If i should consider this to be true i tend to wonder if my stage of potty training was some what demanding because when my house is not organize i get frustrated, but am not overly organize so i won't refer to myself as ANAL COMPULSIVE. Another stage is the Phallic Stage that deals with becoming aware of sexuality and according to Freud ,Boys develop sexual desire for their mother known "Oedipus Complex" And females for their father which is Called the "Electra Complex" this may make much sense to Freud since he was interested in sexuality however i find it more of an attachment phase because the parent tend to be more agreeable with the other gender for some reason but not primarily for sexual reasons. After the Phallic stage Comes The Latency Stage which is from 6 to puberty which not much come into place here in that you will be functional, finding friends and displaying your personality at this stage. I consider this to be so because at age 6 i have read that children usually develop the basic part of their personality. Then The Genital Sage which is the final stage after puberty better known as adulthood is where Intimacy for the other partner begins and Ego and super ego comes into place. Notably if a person does not get through the Phallic Stage normally they may become homosexuals I tend wonder how true this is. Some of what Freud discussed are worth merit ,while others i find questionable but like most people we tend to draw our conclusion base on our experience and understanding.
That is true, for me some part of his theories are questionable indeed. not being able to see proof ,it makes it hard to understand and believe how his theories are connect as he have connected them.
it is possible for us to relate to some of the stages but this is just a theory among many others. it is true that our personality is based indeed by our experiences.
I don't believe in most of Freud's theory is true a person chooses to be a homosexual if they so desire or maybe its genetic.I think Freud needs loosen a bit.
I agree with what your saying Ms. Nazzerra because we can not relate fully to his theory, and we do not know if they are really facts because they are no proof.
I find Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development to be very interesting especially the Phallic Stage. This stage stands out for me because it is very evident in our Belizean society however, I never heard of anyone interpreting it the way Freud did. For example, you will hear mothers speaking among themselves and they would say that their boy child is closer to them and vice versa for the girl child and their father. I never heard of any cases where a boy child and his father could not get along because the boy jealous the father. The only case where this would come about is if the father is abusive to the mother. I also find the Oral stage (0-2) very interesting due to the fact it is something we can relate to. Any one who is around children within this age range can relate to what Freud mentioned about always putting things in their mouth. I find most Freud's Psychosexual Stages of Development to be very interesting and yet a lot of questions. Who is Freud to come up with all these conclusion about human beings behavior and choices?
I don' believe that a boy child is closer to his mother or a girl child is closer to their father in the way Freud interprets it. I simply believe that all human being have their own choice when it comes to their parents.
Ms. Catherine I agree with you because a person is more close to someone who they are comfortable around. For example a child is more comfortable with his or her parent that they can open up to.
Sigmund Freud, the theory of psychosexual development describes how personality develops during childhood. Freud believed that personality develops through a series of childhood stages in which the pleasure becomes focused on certain areas. This psychosexual energy, or libido, was described as the driving force behind behavior. If these psychosexual stages are completed successfully, the result is a healthy personality. A person who is fixated at the oral stage may be over-dependent on others and may seek oral stimulation through smoking, drinking, or eating. Sigmund Freud was a strange man. The fact that he had sexual relations with his own mother makes me take him less seriously than he would have wished; apparently he did not solve his Oedipal complex. According to Freud, our first sexual person we encounter is our father or mother. Yes, I agree that some people are very sexually driven; however, how do you explain the people who decide to be abstinent and focus on other things? How do you explain the way people work hard to help others with no benefit ? How are about children with special needs and disabilities? In today’s society there are benefits with being successful and not based on personal interests and assumptions such as Freud's.
it's true. I have to wonder about one of my sisters who is healthy and abstinent and it is physically seen that it is true. she has already stated that she prefers to have boys as friends and she does not even have any girl friends. she is 30 years old and she still lives with my parents, with them taking care of her.
This video simply explains Freud’s five stages of psychosexual development. In each stage he focuses on a specific pleasure point. He believed that by passing through these stages our personalities are shaped. After reading and listening about Freud’s stages, I think that he does make some good points in his theory and leaves me with some questions and opinions. Why does he believe that every stage has to be focused on one thing? I can see why his first stage would be focused on the mouth; however I can’t see how a person who was under indulged is left with a character trait such as overeating. Other theories state that overeating is compensating for something missing in a person’s life. I tend to agree with this theory and not Freud’s. His second stage had me asking my mom if she was lenient with me while potty training, she couldn’t remember so how can I? I can’t argue this point, I am not a “sleck” person per say but I do have my days when cleaning may not be by number one priority. So if Freud’s theory is right I guess my mom was maybe a little too lenient on me. His third theory, being obsessed with the parent of the opposite sex; I grew up without a father in my home so I am wondering, who am I supposed to be obsessed with and want to kill? I think maybe Freud may want to go back and find a theory for my case. Maybe then I could diagnose myself for this stage. In the Latency stage, I think Freud’s theory is accurate; children in puberty do socialize with each other and are finding themselves. Lastly, the Genital Stage; he says that this is the stage that our libido is in full gear and we start becoming attractive to the opposite sex and homosexuality starts occurring. He also states that this is where healthy or unhealthy relationships are built. Times have changed since Freud’s theory came about, homosexuality is now prominent in our society and there have been studies to prove that people are born gay. This contradicts what Freud theorized; that it is developed. I do believe that some individuals are born this way, it’s a trait I have seen in young children and I already know that child will be different. I have been right a few times, others not so much. As for the healthy/unhealthy relationships between partners of the opposite sex; I will agree with Freud that it is developed, however I don’t necessarily believe it is in this stage. I think it starts from early childhood. If a male sees his father beats his mom, there is a very high percentage that child will grow up to do exactly that. It’s the same with the girl, if she watches her mom being promiscuous; she too will probably do the same thing. It is all they have known and seen. Those are only two examples of unhealthy relationships, which I believe started from early childhood. Sigmund Freud’s theory is very educational and does hit on some points, some which are personal. While I agreed and disagreed with parts of his theory others may agree or disagree with us both. It all comes down to what each of us believes and the experience we have encountered.
I agree with you because in some cases individuals who are attracted to the same sex are not fixated as Freud mentioned, some individuals are born and this trait and it is also quite complicated to understand homosexuality. Freud's theory is geared more at males rather than females.
Freud theory on the Psychosexual Development Stages: According to the development stages of Freud that was mention in this video , has basically been interpreted by myself to be something that is not genuine. His theory seems to mainly come from observation of his own, Ideas that simply comes to his mind. There is no scientific evidence to show whether his theories of how one’s develop is true. Nevertheless, the five stages; oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital stages that his theories are subjected to, we can relate to some part of them as the first stage the Oral Stage; whereby a child is “id” driven. A child not knowing the moral concept of life does not go by rules. However, if a child needs something, they will ask or demand what they need. Example, A baby needs clean diaper, that child will cries until they get a clean diaper on. If a child is hungry he or she will cry until they are feed. The second stage, Freud believes that if parents do not patty train properly, whether the parent is over demanding when doing so, that child will go up obsessed with order and if not the child will grow up to be disorderly or messy. Here there is no evidence to show how it connects. There can be other reason for such act. The third stage ; when it comes to the part of a child being “Oedipus Complex” and “Electra Complex”, I find it to be a preconception that females having a penis envy, boys become jealous of their father and wants to kill them to be with their mother. It seems….. It’s something that I don’t agree with. If that was the case I would say they would have been many cases that show the results that would make that theory true. Then we have the Latency stage, I can agree on the development of that stage, we can see it plainly that child within the age range of 6yrs old they develop social skill, self-interest and communication skills, learn right from wrong which are their focus here. The last stage, the Genital Stage, I also agree with to an extent in which after puberty your Ego and super Ego are fully developed at this time, allowing attraction to the opposite sex and sexual interest. Their think about other not only themselves.
As an overview we can see that Freud theories on psychosexual development are questionable due to the fact locking of scientific evidences to prove the develop act within each stage all of it doesn’t connect. Some part of it may be true while other parts are questionable as mention before. We may try to relate with his theories in favors of us trying to find an explanation for our action or reason for our behavior and others. Also what makes his theories questionable is the background of his life.
I think his personal life played a huge role in the way he did his research and came up with his theories and that makes his theories questionable. Good points Nazzerra..
You mentioned that there is no scientific evidence to prove Freud's theory, I think that even if there were it would still be questionable. Take evolution for example, the scientific evidence is there but contrary to this I still believe what I believe; there is a God, and I am sure that I am not the only one.
I would have to comment on the agreement of parents are of significant importance when it relates to the psychosexual development of our children. I must say that it is sad to say on behalf of some parents, for the most part they are not even around to acknowledge these five important stages of developed by Freud's theory. This could impact on a child being brought up in a single home based on seperation and the neglect of one's parent. I think as a good parent you should be there for the stages of development among your children.
I agree that his theories leads to his background to be questionable. In my opinion I say that probably from experiences he is more interested in sexuality, so it leads to questions about the background of his life.
The video explains Freud's psycho-sexual stages of development and the consequences that occur when the stages are not completed properly. I know that Freud's theories has a huge impact on today's society and that he has paved the way for other psychologist, but i have to disagree with when he says that sex-drive is present in infants. This is in the first stage from birth to 1 year I believe that infants don't understand and don't have a idea of their body yes i agree that the pleasure is on oral like sucking the mother's breast because that is the baby way of feeding so i have to ask how does sex drive come in to play? Unsuccessfully completing that stage can result in smoking, biting your nails etc. stage two is the anal stage from 1 to 3 years. this stage is focused on potty training and the way that parents potty train their kids can have positive or negative outcome. If a parent has too much leniency when potty training a child that child will have a disorganized and messy adult hood but if the parent is constantly reinforcing the potty training routine that child will grow up being organized, obsession with cleanliness and control. This stage to me makes perfect sense because I am a result of constantly reinforcing potty training by my mother I am a controlling and organized person i don't like anything being out of place. The third stage is from 3 to 6 yrs. In this stage boys develop conscious pleasure for their mother and girls develop pleasure for their father. watching the video made me question Freud's theory, yes i do believe that children at this stage becomes jealous towards the parent of opposite sex but not so drastic as to thinking about killing them.The video states that boys want to have sex with their mother and kill their father. I think they are exaggerating too much, yes their a competition between the father and his son who gets more attention but a son does not hate his father that much to develop the mentally to kill. The fourth stage is the latency stage from 6 yrs to puberty. sexual urges remain repressed and children are more focused on paying with the opposite sex. The comment that the speaker gave in the end of the video was very interesting because i had the some of the same taught that Freud was focused more on sexuality..........
Freud's theory is very questionable because many of his ideas is based on sex. Hence, in my opinion Freud was probably addicted to sex so he came up with this theory. What is amazing about his theory is that much of it can be related to the development of a child.
Freud theorized that people in their development of personality progress through five phases, which include Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital Stage. During any of the stages, conflicts or disturbances could arise that, if not resolved, could fixate that person in some way at that particular stage of development. According to Freud, the term fixated meant that a person’s personality development was halted at a particular stage. Depending on the different type of fixation experienced, Freud believed that there were different adult characteristics which are displayed due to fixation of those stages. In the video, we are able to understand what Freud saw in his time, according to him we were driven by sex (Libido). Hence, all of his stages of psychosexual development are geared at our pleasures/desires that are in the unconscious and conscious part of the mind. I personally agree with Freud’s psychosexual development, but what seems to be impossible to believe is the Phallic stage when the girl and boy fall in love with their parents. I say this because I have observed both my nephew and niece and up to this day, I have not seen that connection. Yes, I have seen the attachment, but how do we know that a boy at age 3-5 wants to kill his father? In addition, how do we know that a girl has penis envy? Do we ask them or is this something that happens naturally? From what I understand is that we all develop differently and we all carry different personally traits. What is important to understand is that Freud’s theory of psychosexual development brought a great understanding of human behavior. In my opinion, there are other forces that causes us to be fixated at a particular stage because where do we put a child who was raped, who has a disability, or who was abandoned? Freud’s theory does not answer these questions because in my opinion I am fixated on all stage how then do I fix them. Freud’s theory does not even explain how to fix them. Thus, this means that we are all fixated at some stage the problem is which stage. I believe that parents and the society play an important role in the development of our personality because parents care for us from birth while society implements the rules and norms. Using Freud’s theory is quite complicated because Freud does not theorize how someone develops growing up with an abusive parent or even a single parent family.
I agree with the last paragraph, I 100% agree that parents and society play a major role in a child's development. There are cases where with what society deems great and encouraging parents, the child grows up the not be as productive as society expects. I guess this in itself can be another case to study.
After watching the video of Sigmund Frued's 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development, I find it inappropriate for him to use 'sexual', especially for the infants. I still cannot understand how is it that all humans have 'instinctual libido' from birth because babies are innocent and for me it is wrong. Overall, I feel as though I am still 'stuck' in some of the stages.In his first stage of development, which is the Oral Stage, he stated that the pleasure point is the mouth and that too much satisfaction causes smoking, biting nails and overeating. This suggests that I am orally fixated because I am a constant nail biter. Also, in the Anal Stage, he stated that the anus is the pleasure point and that too much satisfaction causes obsession with order and too little causes disorganization. From this stage, I am confused because I am someone who organizes my house, but yet I am disorganized in life because when I started studying, I changed programs three times. In the Phallic stage, which focuses on the Oedipus Complex and Electra Complex, the boys envy their father for their mother and the girls desire to be with their father, I believe this is true because my four year old daughter loves to be around her father and pushes me away. However, in the Latency Stage age 6 to puberty, I totally disagree with Freud because I believe that when girls and boys are seven or eight, they enjoy talking about the opposite sex. In the Genital Stage, Freud states that the sexual drive awakens but I have to question about homosexuality. What stage did they fail to fully accomplish or were they just born that way? Overall, Freud's theory is just a theory with no scientific proof. Did he ever consider other cultures when he wrote this theory? All cultures are different and I believe that Freud was mostly basing his theory on his life experience.
Sigmund Freud's psychosexual development seems to be quite interested, however i believe that his thinking was a little too exaggerated. Freud's theory consist of five stages 1 the oral stage which is from birth to 6 years. he says that everything occurs in the mouth . Everything the child gets their hands on will go into their mouth. He says if the child is not properly trained then they will later in life smoke or drink. I don't believe that because children receive the best of learning principles and still ends up with bad habits. In stage two which is from 15 months to three years, the children starts potty training this helps the child to be cleaned. I agree because when you impose discipline that child will grow up being a cleanly person who will always wants thing in order. Stage three is from 3 to 6 years. This is where the child will learn who they really are if they are boy or girl. Jealousy takes place between parents from opposite sex. I don't call that jealous I simply think that the child has more attention coming from the parents with the opposite sex. I think our body is designed that way. Stage four which is from 6 to puberty is called the latency stage because nothing really takes place here. He says the children are more into socialization but I don't think so now the children are into sex relationships at a young age. And finally, the genital stage which is after puberty. this is the real time to engage in sexual activity because your sex drive is popping out. I don't think his their is all that bad when you look at it. I think he needed to loosen a bit. but in truth, i don't think that if a child does't go through one of the stages completely that it should have an effect on them.
I agree with you Catherine that it shouldn't affect a child if he/she doesn't successfully complete a stage. Because my mom said that one of my siblings didn't actually complete the anal stage in the time frame said by Freud but in time she grew into it and learned to control her bladder and bowel movements. She said that she wasn't demanding in no way with here to learn but, now as an adult with a child, she is the most organized human being I know. So, not completing a stage definitely does not have an effect on them.
I agree with you in stage three whereby you said u don't call it jealousy. Its just that the child attracted to the opposite sex. When I was younger I was more attracted to my dad. Because he gave me stuff and I my mom wasn't like that with me.
Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development, a brief description of what was said in the video begins with the explanation of why his theories exist which is basically because everyone is born with an instinctual libido, which means a sex drive, that infants have a sex drive and that from birth we do all have a sex drive that it is key to develop personality. The first stage according to Freud, the oral stage, is that the babies will grow up with a specific personality which is resist growing up if this stage isn’t reinforced properly and that if to reinforced they would grow up being manipulative of others. Secondly, the anal stage, which is when the child learns toilet training. So when the child is too pressured about toilet training, then the child is going to be obsessed about order, or vice versa then the child is going to be a mess, not neat etc. Thirdly, during the phallic stage is where kids learn about their bodies and that boys want to kill their fathers and girls want to kill their mothers due to a sex drive. Getting through this stage properly will help you develop a strong sense of super ego. Fourthly Latency stage, where kids aren’t obsess with their bodies and if any other of the previous stage went wrong then here is where the characteristic begins to stick. Lastly, Genital stage is where the child becomes independent of the parents, as well as the ego ad super egos are fully developed. Freud theories are very interesting, as you can tell Freud was much interested in sexuality hence majority of his theories and how he explained them had to deal with sex, so couldn’t this be a influencing factor that maybe he wrote something or felt that this is true just because he was very much interested in it?, conflict of interest. We must take into consideration that none of this is true proven and this is just his theories, and some of us can see that he has explained some things that we can relate to meaning fall into or see our self-doing the same thing and some that just doesn’t make sense. It makes me wonder if during these stages my parents did go wrong and would I try to fix them with my own childrens, Mr. Freud theories gives me a lot to ponder on
Based on my observation from watching the video from Sigmund Freud, the video basically focused on Freud theory of psychosexual development on how personalities are being develop during childhood. The video illustrated five important stages of development which includes: Stage 1: The oral stage- and just to elaborate on the oral stage to my knowledge this stage of development focus on babies from birth to one year old, Freud thought that in this early stage that is where babies learn the principle of delayed gratification. Normally people who gets stuck at this stage are called having "Oral Fixation" Freud believed that these people would then result in smoking and eating too much. Stage 2: Anal Stage- This stage occurs from 15 months - 3 years and focus primarily on the key experience on toilet training which contains the development of delayed gratification where as a child Ego starts to develop. Freud main theory in the anal stages was that parents were trying to teach their child on how to be clean for their Ego to build up properly. He also stated that parents that are too demanding, kids will grow up really abesse with others and result in one being colored coordinated and Freud thought of it that parents did not toilet trained them properly and were in fact too demanding. Stage 3: Phallic Stage- This happens in the age of 3-6 years old. According to Freud he strongly believed in this stage that is where children starts becoming aware of their bodies and start learning the difference between being a girl and a boy. He had this phallic of having a penise or the absence of a penise. Freud theory in this stage also spoke about the famous "Oedipus Complex" which comes in to play of kids now realizing their gender, hence the reason Freud thought during this stage boys become really jealous of their father because the father can have sex with their mother and so the child simultaneously want to have sex with their mother, and for the girls its just the opposite theory called the "Electra Complex" Freud thought girls would want to have sex with their fathers and get rid of their mothers, but Freud strongly believed that this was in fact natural during this stage and not a disorder of feelings of desires that would then help i the development of a child Super Ego in making decessions based on what is right or wrong. Stage 4: Latency- I must agree with Freud with his theory on the Latency stage because I found out in the age group of 6 years - puberty children mostly focus in making friends and what they did at school today, not being obesses with their bodies. Freud made it clear during this stage it is more likely that the characteristics during childhood can impact the Latency stage in the sense of a child personalities. Stage 5: Genital Stage- Freud theory on the Genital stage in which I found out for myself is true based on my experience with my son is that Freud thought that in this stage kids become independent from their parents. In this stage the Ego and the Super Ego are fully developed and focus on the term used by Sigmund Freud "Libido" whereby the Libido is a sexual drive in kids wanting to have sex with someone and during the Latency stage it influence the Genital stage on your personality and how you will become. To conclude I must say that based on Freud theory of psychosexual development he found out that he had an influence on how psychologist thought about things and that these stages of development are important to understand. In my outmost opinion Freud had an interest in sexuality and how these stages of development can impact on human beings.
After watching Freud psycho sexual development video. Some of his beliefs I don’t really agree with, especially the part which said that infants already develop sex drive from birth to two years old. How could an infant develop sex drive if he/she is just a baby who mind is not fully developed? Also he said that our personality is develop through sex drive which I find kind a questionable. In the video the five stages which he believes all human beings face in some point of time in their life. Oral stage is the first stage in his theory whereby he believes babies put everything in their mouth. He though if parents did not enforce this stage, the child may resist growing up. If the parents did not indulge this stage, the child may become manipulative. Anal stage is the second stage whereby the babies’ key experience is toilet training which I believe we all go through this stage. But he said if parents will try teaching the child to be clean. If the parents are too demanding, then the child will become obsessed with order. If the parents are not demanding then the child will be very messy. I don’t really believe that because demanding a child will make him/her scared and not demanding he/she will make the child do as they please. I believe we should not pressure nor punish kids about being clean or messy at that age range. Some point of time the kids will get a better understanding and then parents could teach them to be clean and not messy. Phallic stage is the third stage human beings go through whereby kids become aware of their body. They understand the different between boys and girls. Yes! They do have boys who jealous their father because I saw it happen already. Also do the girls they jealous their dad because I remember I face this stage, whereby I stick beside my dad, sleep between my dad and mom. But I think it’s because my dad does gave me everything I asked for. Latency is the fourth stage whereby nothing really happen in this stage. In this stage kids just want to make friends and attend school more frequent, but during puberty they feeling develop. Genital is the fifth stage which is after puberty kids do become independent from their parents. I agree they sex drive develop and so do they ego and super ego are full develop. Freud has a lot of influence about sexuality. I don’t really agree with his belief which is that if someone doesn't go through these stages they will have an effect on him or her. Some point of time we face a stage, but not all the stages. I believe it’s how our parents raise us; also the way we curve out is how we carry ourselves as human beings. His theory is very interested but some of his beliefs make our mind wonder.
I agree with you Anna that his theory is very interested but some parts of them makes our mind wonder. We both agree on the part of infants having a sex drive.
For approximately thirty years, I piteously watch my younger brother bite his fingernails, until they are red and sore, and always ponder what could be stressing him. Is he suffering from an anxiety and panic disorder or is it just a bad habit? Will he eventually grow out of the unhealthy habit or can he receive treatment to quit? Thirty years later, after reading and carefully listening to a vivid explanation of Sigmund Freud five (5) stages of psychosexual development; I immediately concluded that my brother’s behavior is a result of not receiving the accurate amount of sexual gratification via sucking, weaning, at the most fundamental stage of his development, the oral stage which takes place from birth to 18 months. If he was gratified at this stage, he would have certainly developed healthy personality rather than always smoking like a chimney and drinking like a fish. Freud’s first stage of psychosexual development clearly answers the question, why he is always dependent on others and why my elder brother is always so aggressive. As I lay quietly in my chair, answers to many other unanswered questions come to mind. Probably as a child, I was pressured to swiftly potty train. Hence, the reason, I am so obsessed with cleanliness and always want to be in control. Probably, they are so many unhealthy relationships because many did not go through each stage successfully. Freud’s Phallic stage, ages three to six, assisted me to better comprehend that my four year old daughter does not favor her dad over me but that she is now aware of her gender and the realization that girls have vagina and boys have penis. It is obvious, that she is jealous and hostile towards me because of the attention I receive from her dad. At times she would say, “If you like my dad, I will have no dad.” At this stage, she has an unconscious sexual attraction towards her dad. She desires him and do not want him to touch or hug any female. If bonding with her father is successful, at this stage, then as per Freud, she will have a healthy and successful relationship with the opposite sex at the Genital stage, which is puberty on. In conclusion, I believe most of Freud’s theory but they are still questionable. I do not thoroughly understand how a child/infant can have a libido but I do believe that personality is not genetic. It is not inherited but rather develops through stages. Through feelings experienced at an early age. I just do not want to think about sexual feelings at an early age.
Some may consider Freud's stages of Psychosexual Development to be ridiculous or insanely impossible. Some may believe that a child (especially infants) cannot be associated with sexuality. They may believe that a child's sexual development has no bearing on that child's emotional, social, cognitive and personality development. Freud, however believes that his different stages of psychosexual development are linked to the set of characteristics and traits that an adult portrays. Freud relates that if a child does not successfully complete any of the five stages then that child is crippled in his/her development as a balanced adult. The unbalanced behavior according to Freud is because the unsuccessful accomplishment of any stage causes an anxiety or trauma in the child. Freud also tells that a persons Id, Ego and Superego being our impulsiveness, sense of self and consciousness respectively will continuously be at war with each other if we do not become balanced adults. Whether Freud is completely right or not in his theory is not my decision to make. That onus is left to the reader to decipher for him/herself. Personally, I think there are some aspects of Freud's theory that I can relate to both as a mother and a teacher because I work with and observe children on a daily basis. But is his theory written in stone for me? Of course not it is merely a single idea/pathway into better understanding the many mysteries of what makes us who we are.
Freud's Psycho-sexual Stages of Development: Freud's theory of psycho-sexual development describes how personality develops during childhood. He believed that personality develops through a series of childhood stages in which the "pleasure-seeking" energies of the "Id" becomes focused on certain organs of the body. He fixed his theory basically on five stages that all ties in with an "Instinctual Libido" which basically means a "sex drive". These five stages are: 1. The Oral Stage, 2. The Anal Stage, 3. The Phallic Stage, 4. The Latency Stage and 5. The Genital Stage. In the Oral Stage which is from birth - two years, the child is "Id Driven" and the primary source of interaction occurs through the mouth. He states that in this stage if it is not enforced properly, the child would refuse growing up and will eventually grow up to be a manipulative individual. Oral Fixation can also occur and there will be eating disorders, smoking etc. In the second stage, which is the Anal stage; this is from 15 months- 3 years, the primary focus of the libido is controlling the bladder and bowel movements. Toilet training will occur here and developing this control leads to a sense of accomplishment and independence. Here, the parent's attitude also come in to play whereby, if the parent is too demanding the child will then grow in to a "neat freak" as some will say and be obsessed with organization etc. and if the parent is not demanding on a whole then the child will become too relaxed and become a "total mess". Accomplishment of this stage develops an "Ego". Then comes the Phallic Stage, from 3 years- 6 years. Here awareness of the different body parts(genitals) comes into play. The "Oedipus Complex" (boys) and the "Electra Complex" (girls) also work in. The boys becomes jealous of their father and in some sense wants to murder their father in order to be with the mother and vice versa with the girls. Working through this stage successfully helps them to then develop a "Super Ego". The fourth stage which occurs from age 6- puberty is the Latency Stage. In this stage, the development of the ego and super ego contribute to a period of calm. Here they become more concerned with peer relationships, hobbies and other interests. They are not so concerned with their bodies. Also, is anything went wrong in any of the previous stages then the characteristics begins to stick with that child and develops as a personality. Finally, the Genital which occurs from puberty- death is where the child becomes fully developed with the Ego and Superego. They also develop a strong sexual interest in the opposite sex and if the other stages were successfully completed then the individual will become well- balanced, warm and caring. Freud's theories are very interesting, as anyone can see that he was very much interested in a way that he was a bit obsessed with sexuality. Also what caught my attention is that none of it scientifically proven to be true and that it is just his theories probably relating to experiences he had etc. But, however in some stages he does have a strong point which makes me think a bit about my actions, my peer's actions and also my family member's actions. Because I believe in a certain extend that everyone has a different personality, of their own, and it is not something genetic but rather developed through stages or in somewhat way. But as mentioned before, it is not Scientifically proven!
After viewing the video, Freud theory is just what it is, a theory! In fact it was largely discredited. Nevertheless, his theory does makes a lot of sense in the way that we have grown and developed. We all have developed through these stages and seem to have gotten delayed in either one or several of them. His theory states that we humans develop through 5 stages and our personality was developed based on sex. these theories were also based on thee ID, ego and super ego in which all three could help us develop healthy. He believes that the moment we are born, we are sex driven and these develop through different stages and body parts. the first of these stages is the oral stage from birth to about 2 years where everything for the child is based on the gratification of the mouth and they tend to put everything in the mouth such as breast feeding. He believes that if the stage is not enforced, the child will grow up to be manipulative and as adults will have an oral fixation such as smoking cigarettes or eating too much. His other stage is the anal stage that a child goes through at 15 months to age 3. in this stage, the child starts to develop a reaction to reality and they are taught to be clean such as toilet training. However, if parents are too demanding at this stage, the child will grow up to be obsessed with the need to have thing in order such as color coding their clothes or frequently cleaning ( anal compulsive) or the reverse can occur if the parents were not demanding, the child can grow up to be messy and are said to be anal impulsive. At stage three from 3 to 6 years, the child goes through the phallic stage where they become more aware of their bodies such as identifying boy from girl and the boys developing Oedipus complex where they love their mother and wants to kill their father and the girl develops the Electra complex which is the opposite of the boys. The fourth stage is the latency stage from age 6 to puberty where nothing sexually is happening. The child basically starts making friends. however, at this stage if any of the other stages before the latency stage was not developed properly they now start to become a part of the child's personality. The last stage is the genital stage where the focus is on adult sex and the ego and super ego should be fully developed. Freud's theory has given me extra knowledge as to why people behave in certain manner that we cannot understand such as being a clean freak.
According to Sigmund Freud human beings personality develops according to his theory of psychosexual stages. The psychosexual stages are interrelated to a child libido (sex drive). They are five stages Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital. During these stages, children will become fixated if parents are too kind or too strict. In the oral stage between birth to age two, infants wants satisfaction by mouth. Thus putting objects in the mouth including a Brest, bottle or toys. He claims if parents were extremely generous in giving children everything they need and want the child will become fixated. As a result, the child will grow up with bad habits involving the mouth such as smoking. I do not agree with him because bad habits such as smoking or biting nails are done one for different reason. For example, smoking is a part of the Chinese culture. In addition, other habits are learned by imitating others. The Anal stage where he mentions potty training in regards to children growing up being organized or disorganized, depending on how strict a parent was does not make any sense to me. I honestly cannot remember how I was trained to use the restroom. My mother died when I was eleven and now I am 23years old and I do not remember her. I simply cannot go back when I was two or three years of age. Memory fades overtime. What about children that are orphans or disabled? How will they test this anal stage? Some people learned how to be organized that is a part of being mature. Teachers and parents teach children how to become organized. The most crucial is the Phallic stage that is when a child is attracted to the parent of the opposite sex. The boys are madly in love with their moms making them wanting to kill their father (Oedipus complex). I am experiencing similar reaction from my son who is four old, however he admits he love his father and love spending time with my husband. I do not believe it is my son’s libido that makes him jealous. He just does not want to feel left out thus there should be no private time between me and his father. On the Latency stage, I will agree children are into school and making friends. In the Genital stage, attention is given to the genital areas. Well, I do not have much to say about this stage since I do not agree that my personality is based on sexuality. I strongly believe that my personality developed at an early age based on my parents’ morals, values and example set. However, it can change over time based on the type of environment in regards to my associates.
Psychologist Sigmund Freud developed 5 stages called the Psychosexual Development Stages based mainly on one’s sexuality and personality. He briefly indicated that with the successfully development of each stage, creates a balance and healthy personality. In his first stage which is the Oral stage, from birth to 2 years of age babies tend to satisfy them self by putting object or anything into their mouth. If a child doesn’t successfully complete this stage he stated that they will obtain some sort of “oral fixation” which will affect their personality. The second stage that was anal stage, this is the point whereby toddlers from 15 months to 3 years are toilet trained. The unsuccessful development of this stage develops either a demanding obsessive personality or a messy one. The third stage is the phallic development stage which is the point whereby a child can differentiate between the opposite sexes. He indicates at this specific stage that a boy has rivals against his father and sexual attractions (Oedipus complex) toward his mother, which I don’t agree with since it is not a scientific proven fact. He also included that young girls are attracted sexual to the father and that these were more feelings than actions. In the fourth stage that was created which is the latency stage from 6 years to puberty he noted that it was a quiet stage compared to the others, and if they were affected in the early stages that would show at this time. Lastly the Genital stage which comes fifth is the stage in whereby a person supposed to have developed a balance personality with developed ego and Super ego. Freud’s theory was based on his own case studies and not on proven scientific facts so it leaves me in a concern and questionable position to belief whether or not his theories are accurate.
I found Freud’s stages of psychosexual development of young children to be very interested. His theory was not proven but it is evident therefore, some people would believe his theory because some of the stages he spoke of are very much evident in young children or have been experienced at some point, while others would beg to differ. However, I believe that in most cases personalities in young children are developed through learnt behaviours. I found stages one and three, the oral and the phallic stages to be the most interesting stages since I can relate to them. I look at the oral stage as a discovery point for most infant since whatever they get a hold of goes straight into their mouth and since this is one of the sense organs, they may after a while develop an idea of what it is they have. For the phallic stage as ridiculous as the theory sounds a part of me would like to believe it since I have a son within this same age range and I have observed some of the same behavior Freud speaks of. Yes they can develop jealous feelings without them knowing what it is but to think of a child wanting to kill his/her parent, come on! For some of the other stages, I can say that yes as a teacher working with and observing children on a daily basis patterns are visible. If for say Freud’s theory is true and that if we successfully complete all stages we become balanced adults and if we are not successful in one of the stages we become unbalanced as adult then we will all be able to judge people based on their patterns and behavior as to where they went wrong in life.
Freud's theory/stages of psychosexual development is something very interesting to read. He came up wit five different stages that a child goes thru while growing up, and these are 1. the oral stage 2. the anal stage 3. the phallic stage 4. the latent period and 5. the d genital stage. However as some of these stages sounds crazy I can surely relate to couple of them, for example I have a son and whenever his dad and I will just be alone talking he would then get into this kind of mood with both of us and get mad and don't want to talk to either one of us, as if though we're not to be alone and don't have him included between us. So reading up on all this makes me have a better a view of certain things that's happening in around my surroundings and how to deal with it all to a certain extent. During the different stages children will have to adapt and adjust to their parents, some being too kind and nice to them and some being very strict. If some parents do everything for their child, he or she will then become accustomed to all that and don't want to do anything on their own. I just think its good to have a different view and different perspective from other people and as they say each day you learn something new. you live and you learn.
Psychosexual development is very important during childhood development. During this stage children are developing emotionally, psychological and biological. These changes will usually occur between childhood and adolescent. There are five stage in psychosexual development which are oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital stage. As the child starts growing there are stages that they have to go through and if these stages are not successfully completed fixation can occur meaning they will get stuck on that stage. Hence, I believe that it crucial for me to be aware of these stages so that I can guide students throughout their development. Freud theory mentions that children have some needs that they have to meet in order to feel satisfied. When I think about children satisfaction I think that they need to be feed when they are hungry meaning that at this specific period they will cry in order to call the attention from parents. This is the stage where as a parent I need to show affection to my child and feed him/her. Nevertheless I have seen circumstances where children like to chew on various item like paper, pencil or plastic caps to satisfied their inner being. All of the stages are very important in a child life because if they get stuck it has an impact on their life either negative or positive. Hence, I don’t agree on the point where Freud mentions that children sex drive get satisfied by sucking. To me his theory are very notorious due that all the stages have to do with self satisfaction. Nevertheless, some of his points are very strong to contradict. For example, he mentions that at 18 months to three years, children are being potty trained and it is true in real life. According to Freud parents need to be careful on teaching their children. Therefore, as a parent I should be careful on how I teach my children. Sometimes, I feel that I am too lenient on my children in one way or another and this can have an impact on their lives. At this stage it is said that if parents are being too strict children can develop into an anal explosive which they can become irresponsible and disorganized. The development of a child is very unique because all of the children have different personalities that allow them to express themselves in various way and voice their opinions. It is obvious that some of them grow to be outspoken compared to other who are quite. I believe children development has to do a lot on how children behave when they are fully grown. I am that kind of a person that show love and respect to children. Sometimes being a parent and a teacher is not an easy job because children usually follow our example. Children at this stage like to be hugged and kissed and feel that they are being loved either by their mother or father. At this stage, I don’t think that they considered any of their parents a rival and start feeling any kind of anxiety. Children at these stages are more into playing and exploring their environment and learning from touching and seeing. This is a stage where they are more exposed to the world and surrounding and they are trying to discover it by themselves. Children at this time are in school socializing and make friends. Nevertheless, as children grow they pass through the stage of puberty. Later on they become attracted to the opposite sex which is the final stage. From Freud’s Psychosexual Theory, I have realized that human beings have to pass to through various stages in order to learn. This is like passing from one grade to another and we cannot move to higher grade if we did not complete the previous grade successfully. Hence, I believe that it is important to become familiar with the various stages of children’s development so that we can effectively guide them to become productive and successful members of our society. References
The Development of Personality . They video on Freud’s Psychosexual Development was quite inspiring. This made me reflect on my own as a child growing up. Freud taught me that personality develops in a series of psychosexual stages in which sexual energy takes different forms as a child matures. He also stated that an adult’s personality is based on how he was shaped as a child. This is in fact true as a child’s behavior will reflect on the type of person he will be as an adult. He also discussed the five stages of psychosexuality which include: Oral Stage, Anal Stage, Phallic Stage, Latency Stage, and Genital Stage. The Oral Stage is basically when a child focuses on oral pleasures namely sucking. According to Freud, if this habit continues, as an adult he may have a tendency to drink alcohol, bite his nails and overeating. Also they may become dependent on other people and won’t want to do things on their own. Secondly, is the Anal Stage (15 months-3 Yrs.) whereby a child’s focus is on eliminating and retaining feces. A child may become highly obsessive with cleanliness and perfection or on the other hand, may be obsessed with becoming messy without any order. Children are different and Freud also stated that they can become fixated at this stage so it could affect them later on as adults. Thirdly, is the Phallic Stage (ages 3-6) which was the most outreaching topic of all . Freud stated that during this stage, a boy develops unconscious sexual desires for their mother. Children become aware of their bodies whether they are a boy or a girl. Fourthly, is the Latency Stage (6 yrs.-Puberty) which is when a child interacts and socializes with children his age. At this stage, they tend to form crews or cliques. They will be seen playing around in the yard or doing other activities together. Lastly, is the Genital Stage (puberty on) kids become independent. Their ego and superego are fully developed.
Erickson's Psycho-social stages of Development: Erickson stated that personality develops throughout the lifespan and an individual develops a personality through 8 different stages with 3 major elements. The major elements are: 1. The Ego Identity, 2. The Ego Strength and 3. The Conflict. The Ego Identity is developed by human interactions and how an individual becomes more conscious of themselves and their surroundings. The Ego Strength deals with individuals becoming more competent in life. Then Erickson states that everyone deals with conflicts in life which causes a turning point in their development. The 8 stages Erickson states an individual completes throughout their lifespan are: Infancy, Early Childhood, Preschool, School Age, Adolescence, Young Adulthood, Middle Adulthood and Maturity. Stage 1 Infancy, from birth to 18 months, simply deals with "Trust Vs. Mistrust". In this stage children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care and affection. And a lack of this will lead to mistrust. In the second stage 2 to 3 years, which is Early Childhood, "Autonomy Vs. Shame & Doubt" takes place here. Here is where children develops a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence. Parents should provide patience and be encouraging in this stage so that the child becomes successful which leads to feelings of autonomy and not failure that results in feelings of shame and doubt. From age 3 to 5 years is the third stage which is Preschool and is also called the "play age", deals with Initiative Vs. Guilt. In this stage children begins to mimic what they see and begins asserting control and power over the environment. They also learn morality in this stage and begin to take punishment for their wrong doings. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose and children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval, resulting in a sense of guilt. The fourth stage is called School Age and this stage deals with Industry Vs. Inferiority. Now, children need to cope with new demands, both socially and academically. They are also highly influenced by their peers and their teachers at this age. Success in this stage leads to a sense of competence and failure results in feelings of inferiority. Adolescence, age 12 to 18 years, is the fifth stage. This stage majors in Identity Vs. Role Confusion. They are currently going through puberty and they begin to determine their identity at this age. Success lead to an ability to stay true to yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and weak sense of oneself. The sixth stage, age 19 to 40 years, is Young Adulthood. Intimacy Vs. Isolation is they key point here. Young adults needs to form intimate loving relationships with other people. They focus on starting families etc. which will lead to complete success. Failure to do so results in loneliness and isolation. Middle Adulthood, age 40 to 65 years, is the seventh stage. This stage involves Generality Vs. Stagnation. Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a positive that benefits other people. They focus on the importance of their work and their children. Here, success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment, while failure results in shallow involvement in the world. Lastly, Maturity, age 65 to death, deals with Ego Integrity Vs. despair, is the last stage. Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. A complete reflection on life shall occur here. Success at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness and despair. I personally like Erickson's theory way better than Freud's theory, even though they are similar in some ways. I still believe that Erickson is more realistic in ways better than Freud. Erickson said, even if an individual didn't successfully complete a stage, there's always ways for improvement and ways to redeem yourself, unlike Freud.
Sigmund Freud was a psychologist, who came up with the controversial theory of psychosexual development. According to Sigmund Freud the personality traits or behaviours that are portrayed or displayed during adulthood is a result of successful or unsuccessful completion of these stages. According to Sigmund Freud, if an individual successfully passes through these stages without any conflict or interference then the result is a healthy individual. Whereas if an individual come across a conflict or interference then the result is an unhealthy individual. Sigmund Freud theorized that throughout each of these stages, the individual seek pleasure by satisfying a certain erogenous zone in our body. According to Freud, the individual's libido or id is the driving force responsible for the individual's drive of seeking sexual gratification. There are five stages: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital. The oral stage occurs from birth to one year of age. During the oral stage, the individual seek to satisfy oral pleasures. This is done either by sucking bottles or breastfeeding. Too much or too little oral gratification may result in an individual developing habits such as overeating, smoking or biting of fingernails. In terms of personality, the individual might become too dependent on others. The next stage is the anal stage. This occurs between the age of 1 year and three years of age. During this stage the child seek pleasure by retaining or expelling bladder and bowel movement. Too much pressure from the child's parents to be toilet trained might result in a clean, orderly and organized individual. Too little pressure to be toilet trained might result in a messy or disorganized individual. The third stage is the phallic stage. This stage last from three years of age to about six years of age. The child is becoming aware of differences in sex between a boy and a girl. During this stage the child develops a sexual attraction toward the parent of the opposite sex. It became known as Oedipus Complex if it is a boy and Electra Complex if it is a girl. According to Freud if a child becomes fixated or deprived in this stage he or she might develop issues of sexual indulgences , avoidance or sexual identity confusion. The fourth stage is the Latency stage. During this stage the id's energy is suppressed and the superego is developed, which allow the child to become aware of society. The last stage is the genital stage. During this stage the genitals seek to find pleasure because of the onset of puberty. Sigmund Freud's Theory of psychosexual development is very impressive. There might be some facts or truth behind his studies. However, there is no scientific evidence to prove or disprove his theory. Personally, I believe that Sigmund Freud gave us a full description of his life and what he went through. Considering his background, I believe that Freud was somewhat a disturbed individual himself. In terms of the phallic stage, I have a five year old daughter, who seems to get highly jealous when I make contact with her father, but I do not think it is sexually driven. I simply believe she becomes jealous because she wants the attention and affection. I believe that theories ( psycho ) are highly subjective and base on one's own encounter with life. Sigmund Freud's theory on psychosexual development must not be taken as gospel.
Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development. Freud's believe that personality type develop through stages that have to do with one's sexuality. He says that Infant from birth have a sexual libido (instinct) that lead to developing personality. He believes that people goes through five stages of life from Infant to Adulthood. These stages are: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital Stages. Some of Freud's stages are evident to many people lives including mine. In his first stage oral stage, birth to to two years, baby chew on things, their pleasure is sucking things. In this stage if the psychosexual stages are successful, the child will grow up with a healthy personality, if not oral fixation can occur. Stage two: Anal Stage, 18 months to 3 years, focus on pleasure is eliminated and retaining feces (potty training) is evident. Control anal stimulation, and obsessed with cleanliness perfection and control (anal retentive) is occurred. Stage three: Phallic stage , three to six years, At this stage the ego start to develop having to interact with reality. In this stage sensitivity now becomes concentrated in the genital areas and masturbation occur in both sexes. It becomes a new source of pleasure. I this stage boys develop unconscious sexual desires for their mother, and become rival with father which is called Oedipus Complex, and on the other hand girls to their father which is called Electra Complex. I have a daughter and from she was small she was attached to her father more than me, he had a tendency of spoiling her. If she wants anything she will asked her father. Stage four: Latency Stage, five or six to puberty, At this stage the libido is dormant, and focuses is elsewhere, towards school work, hobbies and friendship. Children play with friends and not obsessed with other body parts. Once the child does not comes in terms with Oedipus and Electra Complex properly, developmental issues become more solidified into their personality traits. Stage Five: Genital Satage, puberty to adult, The ego and superego are fully developed. This is how you are going to e, your personality. It is a time which is settling down in a loving relationship. Reading Freud's stages it was very interesting, but I often wonder what if a person does not complete some of the stages successfully. How do you go about fixing that problem in your life? Or you just go on with your life?
Erik Erikson was a psychologist, who developed the theory of psychosocial development . He emphasized the importance or role of culture and society on the shaping or development of an individual's personality. Highly influenced by Sigmund Freud, Erikson strongly believe in the element of the ego. Unlike Sigmund Freud, who strongly believe that the id or the sex drive develops one personality traits, Erikson believe that society or social interactions determines an individual's character. According to Erik Erikson, the ego or self develops as it successfully resolve the crisis manifested at each stage of development. Unlike Sigmund Freud, Erikson believe that if a crisis was not resolved during one of the stages, it can always be resolved at another time during the individual's lifespan. The eight stages are: Trust vs. mistrust, Autonomy vs shame, Initiative vs guilt, Industry vs inferiority, Ego identity vs role confusion, Intimacy vs. isolation, Generativity vs stagnation, and Ego integrity vs despair. These stages could further be classified as Infancy, Early Childhood, Play age, School Age, Adolescence, Young Adult, Adulthood and Maturity. The Infancy stage begins from birth to eighteen months. The basic conflict in this stage is between trust and mistrust. Children develop a sense of trust when their needs are met ( food, love, shelter, clothing. affection etc. ) A lack of this will lead to mistrust. The next stage is Early Childhood ( 2- 3 years of age ). During this stage the conflict is between autonomy and shame and doubt. Children need to develop a sense of personal control and a sense of independence. Success leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt. The third stage is Preschool ( three - five years of age ). The conflict during this stage is between initiatives and guilt.Children start to assert control over their environment. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose. Children who exercise too much power experience disapproval. The result is shame and doubt. School age occurs during the age of 6 -11. The crisis is between meeting school demands and developing a sense of competence.. Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority. Adolescence begins from age 12 to 18 years. The conflict is between identity of self and role confusion. Teenagers need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to oneself. Failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self. Young Adulthood begins from 19 to 40 years of age. The crisis is between forming intimate relationships and isolation. Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationship with other people. Success leads to strong relationships, while failure leads to loneliness and isolation. Middle Adulthood is the next stage, which lasts from age forty to sixty five. Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a positive change. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment. Failure results in meaningless involvement in the world. The last stage is maturity or death. Adults reflect on their life. Success at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure represents regret and bitterness. I can personally relate to Erik Erikson theory of psychosocial development. I believe his theory is more realistic. Society and the people we interact with plays a hug role in determining our personality traits. Parents and society seems to have a larger grip on the persons we become. One aspect of Erik Erikson theory that I find uplifting or plausible is the fact that he offers hope. According to Erikson, failure in one stage does not mean the end for the individual.
Erickson's Psychosocial Theory of human Developments explain the different aspects of how human develop social through different encounters. The three main points that applies to his theory is the Ego Identity, Ego Strengths and conflict. The video discusses the stages as follows the Trust vs Mistrust that start from birth to 1 1/2 wear where a child is completely dependent on the parents to fulfill their needs. Then The next stage is Autonomy vs. shame when a child learns independence and at this stay can be critical as they learn to develop confidence as well. Next is the Initiative vs, Guilt when the child start to mimic and learn morality the come the industry vs inferiority at this stage is "classified as entrance into the world" as the will now be in a bigger social circle. next Identity vs. Role confusion where identity is form and we then to develop our own habits. Then comes Intimacy vs Isolation one may start a family at this stage. Generality vs Self Absorption basically deal with parenting and having stability then comes Integrity vs Despair when we look at or life and see maybe what we could have done differently. As i look at Erickson's Stages of development i see that we learn at each stages of life and that is what contribute to the shaping of our personality some may learn earlier than other while others not so much but with my encounters in life i have learn to take better approaches as a go about my life, and at the end of the day life is what it is and we just have to deal with it.
Erikson’s psychosocial development theory basically had to do with a series of stages an individual goes through in a lifetime along with their experiences. He identified three main elements which one was the Ego identity which deals with becoming aware of yourself and the environment. Two the Ego strength each enable a person to become competence in different stages in life. And lastly he added Conflict in which he said that everyone has to face to allow them to either grow or fail in a specific stage. The first stage that was created was Trust vs. Mistrust from birth to 1 and ½ years old. In this stage a baby deeply depends on the comfort and nature of a parent/guardian. Stage two deals with Autonomy vs. Shame, and during this stage a child learns and tries to become independent by trying to do things on their own. In Erikson’s third stage Initiative vs. Guilt, he includes a child is at their most playful point. It is the stage whereby children learns right from wrong and interact along with peers more. Next the fourth stage Industry vs. Inferiority entails when a lot of time is spent at school and with peers and less around the guardian and is whereby children becomes more independent. The fifth stage of Erikson’s theory Identity role vs. Role confusion is the start of finding yourself of sense. This is a very isolated stage which includes a teen going through puberty. The sixth stage consists of an individual eager to start a family and managing a career, this called the Intimacy vs. Isolation stage. From the ages 35 to 55 he covers the stage Generality vs. Self- absorb which looked at an individual focus on their jobs and their children. Lastly the stage Integrity vs. despair is where the adult looks back on his or her life and their experiences. Psychologist Erik Erikson's theory has a lot to deal with a person developing a certain identity and is very convincing since I can relate his theory to my life today.
I think that persons of age ranges in Erickson's stages can definitely relate to his theory. it makes sense indeed and I know that we can all relate to it..
Erik Erickson is a social analysis who came up with his own psychosocial stages of development. Erikson first stage is the Infancy which is from birth to 18 months. At this stage a child develops trust vs. mistrust. He believes that a child develop a sense of trust when the caregivers provide reliability, care and affection for him/her. If a child is lack these he develops mistrust. The second stage is Early Childhood 2 to3 years. Children need to develop personal control over physical skills. Toilet Training. Success at this stage leads to feeling of autonomy failure results in feelings of shame and doubt. Erikson’s third stage is the preschool stage. The child needs to explore. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose whereas failure results in a feeling of guilt. The School Stage is the next stage (6 to 11 years). At this stage a child needs to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of competence where failure results in feeling inferiority. The fifth stage is the Adolescence Stage (12 to 18 years). Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to the individual being true to one’s self, failure leads to role confusion. Te sixth stage is The Young Adult Stage (19 to 40 years). At this stage adults form intimate relationships with other people. Success leads to strong relationships while failure results to loneliness and isolation. The final Stage is The Maturity Stage. At this stage older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Success leads to feeling of wisdom while failure results in feelings of bitterness and despair.
Sigmund Freud was an Austrian Neurologist who became known as the father of psychoanalysis. According to him an individual must go through five different stages to become a balance or non-balance individual. The Oral Stage is the first stage. Freud mentions that a child uses the mouth as the erogenous zone and to gain oral pleasures. This is portrayed by a mother breastfeeding or feeding a child. Freud states that if a child is not fed to time then he can develop oral fixations which results in problems with drinking, eating, or nail biting. The second stage is the Anal Stage which is from 1 to 3 years. At this stage a child is thought hoe to control the bladder by toilet training. If the child goes through this stage successfully he later becomes a very clean, neat and tidy individual, whereas, if he doesn’t complete this stage properly he later becomes a messy individual. The third stage is The Phallic stage which occurs between the ages 3 to 6. This is where the Oedipus and the Electra complex comes in. Freud said that at this stage a boy becomes sexually attracted to his mother and a girl to her father. He mentionsthe boys begin to view their father as rival for their mother affection and girls experienced penis envy. The Latent period is the fourth stage. At this stage from 6 to 12 years the child becomes more concerned with peer relationships, hobbies and other interest. According to Freud this period is a time of exploration. This stage is important in the development of social and communication skills and self-confidence. The Genital Stage is the final stage in Freud Stages of Psychosexual development. This stage is from puberty to death. During this stage an individual develops a strong sexually interest in the opposite sex. It begins during puberty but last throughout the rest of a person life. Interest in the welfare of others grows during this stage. According to Freud if all the stages have been completed successfully, the individual should now be well- balanced, warm and caring.
In the course of development, an individual goes through five psychosexual stages.They are oral stage,anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage and the genital stage. According to Freud theory: 1) "Behaviour is motivated by unconscious instincts and drives, memories and feelings." 2) "Throughout life, the child(and later the adult) is mainly concerned with gratifying basic instincts." 3) " Psychosexual stages are determined primarily by maturation." 4) "Any stage unsuccessfully complete leaves some characteristics to interfere with later stages." IN conclusion according to Freud's stages of psychosexual development the behaviour of the individual is based on instinct that either are taught, memories made or the feeling of the learner.
Erik Erickson, a German psychoanalyst.According to Erickson's theory,every person must passed through a series of 8 stages in their life.They are:Trust vs mistrust,autonomy vs shame,initiative vs guilt,industry vs inferiority,identity vs identity diffusion,intimacy vs isolation,geenerativity vs self absorption and integrity vs despair. According to Erikson, "behaviour is motivated by the conscious self rather than by unconscious drives and instincts."
Erik Erickson theory believed that every human being passes through several different stages in life from birth to death. However, some of us can relate to his theory because we already passed through few of these stages. The first stage of Erickson psychosocial development is Infancy from age’s birth to eighteen months (trust vs. mistrust). Babies are completely dependable on their parents and a lack of caring and affection could lead to mistrust. The second stage is Toddler from ages two to three years (autonomy vs. shame and doubt). The child will learn to develop a sense of personal control or physical skills and a sense of independence. The third stage is Pre-School four to six years old (initiative vs. guilt). At this age the child likes to play, him/her imaginations grows and they develop creativity and cognitively. But when the child does something wrong the parents will punish him/her and that could be the cause of guilt. The fourth stage is School age six to eleven years (industry vs. inferiority). The child is influenced by peers and teachers. The failure to succeed socially causes the feelings of inferiority. The fifth stage is Adolescence twelve to eighteen years (identity vs. Role Confusion). At this stage young teenagers will determine their identity. This is when they go through puberty and it’s a large stage they face. Also they more independent and withdraw from peers and parents. The sixth stage is Young Adulthood nineteen to forth years (intimacy vs. isolation). At the adulthood stage is where the adult think about settle down and start a family. They often time fail to find a romantic partner and that is the cause of isolation. The seventh stage is Middle Adulthood thirty-five to fifty-five years (generatively vs. self absorption). They focused on the importance of work and being a role model for the children. At this age they main responsibility is career and family. The eight stages is Maturity sixty-five to death (ego integrity vs. despair). This is the stage of reflection on life. Older adult need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfilment, the failure of this stage result in regret bitterness and despair. As a young adult I could see myself going through this stage at this present moment. For example I am a loving and caring person I always try my best to gain a strong relationship with my sisters but for some reason one of my sister is so ignorant and whenever I show her a little caring she push me away, and now I don’t want to have nothing to do with her. I keep my distance from her. Comparing Erickson theory to Freud theory there is no comparison because Erickson theory makes a lot of sense. After listening to the video I could now realize the different stages babies, teenagers and young adult go through. This theory helps us to understand people personality and their behaviour.
It's true it helps you think and wonder ,so is this why I behave a certain way i need be careful am not passing this on to my children it's very enlightening
Erickson's theory definitely makes sense because we can all relate to his stages. indeed I try my best to interact with my sisters and there will always be a sister that behaves that way.
Erickson’s theory of psychosocial development according to him occurs in different stages. It is a type of development that we develop through social interaction. His theory clearly describes the impact of the experience we face through socialization. This occurs throughout our life span Erickson’ most interest is mostly towards human ego identity which is our conscious sense of self that we develop through social interaction with others. I agree with Erickson that a sense of competence will be a motivation of behavior and action because if a person is good at something, then that person will be motivated and whatever he does will be at their best of knowledge and their behavior will be passionate .Erickson's first stage of development occurs from birth to 18 months. It is called trust vs. mistrust and this emphasize feeding meaning that a child will develop trust in people who cares and takes care of them because if such action is not taken then that child will have no trust in anyone. His second stage is the autonomy vs. shame and doubt which has to do with proper toilet training. This will help the child to have a person control over physical skills and a sense of independence which I think is good because children need to have proper training at home so they can know how to take of or themselves later on in life. Stage 3 talks about initiative vs. guilt. This has to do with exploration. This is good because through social interaction children starts to be leaders and starts acting independently. The fourth stage is called industry vs. inferiority this is when the children are in school the child will feel proud of their excellence to know that they have ability; something is believe all students should have. I conquer with parents and teacher who help their children to be successful. That will help that child to know how competent they are and will also help them to have strong believed in their skills. Stage 5 is identity vs. confusion where I think that individuals needs to know when they really are and to discover their true personality because when you know yourself you would know what you’re capable of doing and to see if you can fit into society. If such actions are not taken you would left confused in life. Stage 6 talks about intimacy vs. isolation. I think a person needs to know their selves in order to have a close healthy relationship with someone but if not it will never be possible to understand someone else if you can’t even understand yourself. Stage 7 deals with generatively vs. stagnation. When you have a healthy relationship with a partner you would want to have children and take care of them and watch them grow and be successful. The main focus should be our family. Finally the last stage is called integrity vs. despair. This is the part where everyone should enjoy because when you’re know grown and have experienced everything, you would simply sit and look back on your accomplishments and feel satisfied and will simply wait for your turn to die. I see Erickson’s 8 stages of psychosocial development as an interesting topic one that is best explained. I think most of his thoughts are still active in our today’s life.
I found Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development to be very interesting and understanding. All of his stages are explain clearly and you can make a connection with what he is saying. Stages two and three spoke about young children wanting to explore their surroundings and start doing things on their own such as using the bathroom and dressing themselves. He also went on to say that in the second stage here is where children learned to be leaders and self motivated if they are left to explore and experienced things for themselves. However, Erikson also said that if the parent don't allow the child to do things on his or her or always giving negative criticism the child will eventually develop doubts about his or herself. Stage seven also stand out for me as Erikson explained that the parent are the ones responsible for the productivity of the next/future generation. The moral and values that you as a parent instilled in your child will more than likely reflect in the individual he or she turns out to be when they become an adult. Therefore, I believed that if a child is given the opportunity to grow up and go through the early stages of Erikson psychosocial development stages properly he or she will turn out to be a productive asset to his or her society.
Erikson stages of development, we can surely relate to them. the statement made, "Erikson also said that if the parent don't allow the child to do things on his or her or always giving negative criticism the child will eventually develop doubts about his or herself." That i agree on ! strongly because i see it happen before.
In Erick Erickson’s theory of Psychosocial Development, we are able to understand how personalities evolve throughout life because of the interaction between biologically based development and the demands of society. Hence, culture plays an important role in the development of every individual’s personality. The eight stages are based partly on the stages proposed by Freud and partly on Erickson’s studies. Erickson (1968), states that the society in which one lives makes certain psychic demands at each stage of development. Erickson calls these demands crises. During each psychological stage, the individual must seek to adjust to the stresses and conflicts involved in these crisis. Therefore, if an individual does not learn how to trust at stage one, that person will find it difficult to attain intimacy in stage six. From the video, we are able to understand that Erikson believed that the ego develops individually through its biological (psychosexual) processes, but also due to personal concerns and relationships (psychosocial). Erikson actually assumed that the prime motivation for development was social interaction, the internal drive to interact with others. Hence, an individual’s personality/identity is developed based by the way he/she is raised. Each stage depicts what an ideal person should develop, however we must realize that we are not perfect and we will face crisis. What Erickson wanted us to understand is that as society changes norms, values and customs change hence; society creates different behaviors of what is right from wrong. This is where conflicts and confusion occur because many of us want to know who we are. One stage which has caught my attention is stage five (Intimacy vs. Role Confusion). This is the stage where many young people explore who they are and establish their identity. This will have occurred based on the knowledge and the costumes/traditions they were raised in. The flaw that I find in this stage is that as our society change there has been a tremendous accommodation of the gender role/identity. Society has now in many parts of the world accepted homosexuality as being moral. Now I am not condemning homosexuality, but an individual trying to fit into a society who has lost trust, been through shame and doubt, passed though guilt, and faced inferiority how will he/she make it through this stage. This is something that Erickson’s theory does not explain because if we remain stuck at one stage how can we fix or avoid being stuck at any particular stage. Do we go by what society impose is right or do we choose what we want to be? Furthermore, I am appalled when parents and I will specifically say when fathers tell their sons’ not to play with dolls “Dolls are for girls you dah battyman.” When parents instill shame and doubt, constantly towards their child, it creates a low self-esteem and worthlessness hence, the child learns to be worthless. The question here is who do we blame culture or society? I personally think that we shape our identity, the way we dress, talk, the music we listen and even the T.V. shows that we watch shape our identity because we take want we like. If our culture deems it wrong, we take it and if society deems it right, we take it and nothing is wrong with that. Hence, in order to really evaluate where we are we must personally reflect on the person we are today. Are you happy where you are? Do you regret anything in life and if so what would you change?
Erik Erikson developed his personality development theory based on the fact that human grow through stages of which he outlined each of these eight stages. Each stage depicts conflicts that we go through in order to overcome a stage. As well, at each stage, the level of conflict tends to be more difficult to overcome. The basis for each stage was developed ego identity and ego strength. Ego identity being that of self consciousness and conscious of the environment around you, and ego strength determines how competent an individual will become in life. The conflict faced at each stage causes changes in our lives that will bring about personal and potential growth as well as failure. The first stage being that of trust vs. mistrust where the child from birth to about age 1 1/2 years is solely dependent upon their caregiver to provide them with all the necessary means in order to live. At stage 2 the child is faced with autonomy vs. shame where they are learning things on their own that lends itself to them having a level of self dependency. Stage 3 is between age 3 - 6yrs. and the child is faced with initiative vs.guilt. This is also the child's playing age where being imaginative is at an all high. They tend to mimic and imitate whatever it is that is seen. At this stage morality is learnt that certain actions come with certain responsibility. Stage four between ages 6 - 12 is the elementary school age where the child is challenges with industry vs. inferiority where a great deal of time is spent with their friends and teachers at school. Stage 5 ages 12- 18 years is the pubertal stage where the individual is challenged with their identity and role confusion and they start to try and create their own identity. Stage 6 ages 18 - 35, is intimacy vs. isolation where if the individual does not have a family it can lead to isolation. Stage 7 at ages 35-55 is the general activity vs. self absorption is where the individual's career and children are of utmost importance. the final stage is from age 55 to death with the challenge of integrity vs. despair and the individual is focused on a reflection of life.
Erickson’s believed that we develop our personalities through three major elements: Ego Identity, which we attain through human interaction; ego strength which is by us feeling competent and important and lastly conflict, which he believes is the turning point in our development. Erikson theory is that we go through eight stages of development; however the outcome from one stage is not permanent and can be altered by later experiences. I am in agreement with Erikson; I do think that we grow into our personalities by the experience we have regardless of which stage of development that may occur. Someone who may have been a very trustful person at a younger age could have a dramatic experience which changes how trustful they use to be. I can think of one experience I had last year where I have become a bit fearful of swimming. Since I grew up in Burrell Boom, the river was the place to hang out with friends. It was always exciting to go swimming and just have fun. Last year as I was swimming, a dog (pitbull) jumped into the water and started attacking me. Front that moment on my love for swimming which was once filled with excitement is now filled with fear. I have NEVER been a person to be fearful of the water and because of that one experience, I now am. In terms of society and culture, yes I think it plays a role in our development. I often think about what my life would have been like had I not grown up where I did. I have family in southern Belize where life is so different than mine here at home. Their culture and society dictated what they are today as did mine. To sum up, Erikson theory in my opinion makes far more sense than that of Freud’s. While I do believe that society and culture does help shape us to be who we are today, we as individuals also shape our selves. I am who I am today but as time and society changes, ten years from now I may look back and not even recognize the person I am today.
I do agree with you that Erikson theory do make more sense as to Freud theory. As we read Erikson theory we related to them more easily as we experience for ourselves and going through the stages Erikson talks about.
Erikson Social Development Stages: Erikson’s theories as mention, the eight stages, stage one where he believes that from birth to 18 months an ego development outcome of Trust vs. Mistrust begins. Autonomy vs. shame, the second stage, whereby he believes that from the age of 3 years – 5 years old they learn to do things on their own rather than depending on their parent. Stage three, Initiative vs. Guilt, in this stage he said that we usually become involved in the classic "Oedipal struggle" and resolve this struggle through "social role identification." If we're frustrated over natural desires and goals, we may easily experience guilt. Stage four, Industry vs. Inferiority in this particular stage he believes that we are capable of learning, creating and accomplishing numerous new skills and knowledge, thus developing a sense of industry. Also at this stage we have a very social stage of development and if we experience unresolved feelings of inadequacy and inferiority among our peers, we can have serious problems in terms of competence and self-esteem. At stage five, Identity vs. Role Confusion, here we see that with Erikson theory at this stage our development depends upon what is done to us. We try to find out own identity, who we are, separating from family of origin and as members of a wider society. Intimacy and Solidarity vs. Isolation, he is say that if we're not successful, we may isolation and distance from others. Leaving us with a hard time finding it easy to create a sustaining relationship, whereby at the end we can feel superior to others. Generatively vs. Self-absorption, here Erikson observed that at the middle-age we tend to be occupied with creative and meaningful work and with issues surrounding our family. Also, middle adulthood is when we can expect to "be in charge," the role we've longer envied. The last stage, Integrity vs. Despair, those of integrity are those who look back at life and have seen it feeling fulfilled with a deep sense that life has meaning and we've made a contribution to life. Who are able to accept death as a completion to life. And others of despair, who does not see a fulfillment of life, simply can accept death as a conclusion to life. As to compare Erikson theories of stages of development and Freud theories of stages of development, Erikson theories are more connected. It is more understandable to relate to, as we experience for ourselves. Also, the society plays a big role in our stages of development. We adopt the things around us as it becomes a part of us.
Erickson believed that personality is developed through different stages in life. He believed that three major elements played a role they are ego identity which is developed through interaction and individual becomes more aware their environment, ego strength is when the individual becomes responsible and can be depended on which makes them feel important and conflict which Erickson believed that individuals everyone will go through some point in life which will determine their development the video states that personal growth is high but potential for failure is at the same level. He also came up with eight stages of psychosocial development they are Trust vs Mistrust in which he states that a child from birth to 1 yrs is desiring emotional and physical needs that needs to be meet if these are not meet the child will grow up feeling insecure and mistrusting of others. The second stage is Autonomy vs Shame at this stage children are more independent and want to learn things on their own, parents most be patient and encouraging in order for children to complete this stage properly. The third stage is Initiative vs Guilt at this stage children want to be heard and seen they want o rule failure to properly complete this stage will leave the child feeling doubtful about their self. stage four is Industry vs Inferiority at this stage children develop pride and and sense of accomplishment in their work, if parents and teachers show that they are pleased by their work it will allow the child to complete this stage feeling and believing in their abilities. Stage five is Identity vs Confusion children will explore being independent and have a knowledge of who they are. Intimacy and Isolation is stage 6 this is when adults want to settle down and have a family. Stage 7 is Generativity vs Stagnation this is the stage where adults become more responsible and have responsibility of a family and their career. Stage 8 is Integrity vs Despair where the elderly reflects on their life and accomplishments. Erickson psychosocial development theories makes more sense than Freud's theories to me, it is more realistic and can be easily related to. when it comes to the first stage it can be tested and proven that babies do depend on their care givers for everything and the last stage is so true because by just listen to elderly speak about their past its like they are reflecting on what they have accomplished and achieved and how proud they feel.
I enjoyed reading your blog, it is well put together. Your blog is full with interesting information about Erikson's psychosocial development theories.
The video focused on Psychoanalyst Erick Erickson's eight stages of personality development and also the three major elements in his theory. Erickson believed that our personality is developed through social and cultural experiences. His three major elements includes ego identity, which is developed through interaction, ego strength which focuses on being competent in life and also conflict, which focuses on a turning point in development and the personal growth is high. I agree with Mr. Erickson because I believe that we all need some kind of interaction to survive in this world or we will become uncivilized people. Also, it is possible that everyone experience a conflict in life and it allows for us to make better decisions and learn from our mistakes. His eight stages included trust vs. mistrust, where infants require attention both physically and emotionally from their caregivers. This is true because infants depend on us for their needs which can allow them to feel secured knowing they are loved. However, we all still need a little mistrust so we can be able to protect ourselves from danger. In the second stage, Autonomy vs. Shame, it speaks about children becoming independent. Like Freud, this is the toilet training point. With children learning to be a little responsible to put on their clothes, feed themselves etc.., this allows for them to depend on themselves as they mature so they can be responsible adults and not be dependent on others to survive in this harsh world. In the third stage, Initiative vs. Guilt, called the play age, the imagination grows and this is when 'Children do what they see'. This is the time for us adults to be responsible adults to teach our children the right thing because this can affect their lives as they mature. My four year old daughter learns that when she does something wrong, such as spilling water, she cleans it up. The next stage is Industry vs. Inferiority called 'Entrance to Life', where peers and teachers are the major influence. The fifth stage is the Identity vs. Role Confusion, which is a large change in life and we learn to find our true selves. The sixth stage is Intimacy vs. Isolation. This is the time to start a family at 18-35 years, or you will become isolated. I started my family at age 18. The seventh stage is Generativity vs. Self Absorption, when the only concern are the responsibilities of career and children. The final stage is Integrity vs. Despair which is based on the reflection of life. Erickson's stages make more sense than Freud because our personality growth depends on our social experiences. If we learn to have friends, it helps us throughout life to always feel loved and increases our self confidence and also gives us longer life. We also learn from our own culture which impacts our life. For me and my siblings, we have always grown together, so now that we are adults, majority of us still live beside each other in our parents huge yard. As for my present life, I feel loved and it increases my self esteem, and it allows me to love my children more and guide them in the right path. Throughout my experiences, I have made mistakes but I learned from them and also it taught me to be responsible and be a better person in society.
The on going question and debate concerning the various factors that contribute to what makes us who we are still continues today. The argument of nature versus nurture still consumes the thoughts of many psycho analysts today. Erikson had his own set of theories that he believed are directly resonsible for our social development as human beings. He divides the the developmental process into eight specific stages. The first stage being Trust versus Mistrust is especially thought provoking to me becuase trust is a crucial element in everyone's life. To think that we develop the ability to trust as infants forces me to reflect on all my relationships from chilhood to now with parents, siblings, peers and spouses did I develop adequate trusting skills? Did I hinder or enhance does relationships with my ability and level of trust? Erikson believes that our culture and society help to crave our personality. Does that then mean that we are expected to be exactly like our parents or will we merely choose the traits from their personality that we like ourselves? Contrary to Freud's Theory of Psychosexual development, Erikson argues that even if we do not successfully complete a stage of his psychosocial development we can still become balanced adults based on our experiences throughout our lives. I am tempeted to lean towards Erikson's theories in this respect because there he leaves room for redemtion, there is hope that a person can change and be better. With Erikson there is a sense of HOPE and if we dont have hope for betterment in our lives then why bother to exist, some would say.
I strongly agree on Erickson's theories especially on Trust vs Mistrust because this theory allows a young child to be capable of growning up with their believes. A child learn from an adult especially at their early age, for instance, growning up in a family that allows you not interact with others may be a dramatic issue later on in life because it will have you a hard time to cooperate and fing out what life is all about.
Sigmund Freud 5 theoreis is basically on the way a child is grew up. for instance, anal stage state that a mother has to properly train her child so in the future the dont turn out to be bad Egos. i totally dis agree with this stage because a mother can train her child with the best of manner for her child to be successful in life. later in life when that child has the ability to learn more about the world they may end up being criminal and i clearly believe that it is not a responsiblity of the mom because of the way the child turn out to be. i believe that every individual make their life the way it is
Erikson believes that we will go through a complex in life that will cause a turning point in their development. Stage one deal with trust vs mistrust which means if a child is given his/her specific needs and at the appropriate time then he or shill will develop trust and if not fed on time, or changed on time then will develop mistrust, which to me does make sense, because then you are taught how important you are at a very young age based on this action...for example a child who would cry continuously because he/she needs a change of diaper and no one attends to him/her would tend to develop mistrust. In the second stage he describe it as autonomy vs shame where children become dependent and learn things on their own, so if a child wants to explore outside, the parents should allow their child to do so, basically you wouldn’t to limit your child, this could be a determining factor of what they would want to be in life, a lot of parents tend to be to over protective of their child and wouldn’t want them to do certain things, if you look it through Erikson point of view, you could basically say parents who do this hamper the growth and development of their child. In the third stage deals with ages 3 to 6 and is called Initiative vs Guilt, where a child mimics what they see and accept punishment, from my personal experience I believe if this stage isn’t reinforced a child would become disobedient because if they do something wrong and the parents doesn’t punish them, they won’t know right from wrong and later on when they get older, it would be much harder to correct them and rebelling would start to occur… I believe the rest of stages isn’t much based on the parent however on society and to come to think of it, in today’s society, we wonder why a lot of our children behave a certain way, and parents expect us(society) to correct them, however it has been their own mistake of improper growth development and basically the good suffer for the bad…eventually…
Reflection on Erik Erickson’s theory of psychosocial development Erik Erickson’s theory of psychosocial development basically explains the changes one goes through in life from birth to death. He explains that as we grow, we experience conflicts that either develops or fail to develop our personality. If faced with a conflict and unable to resolve that conflict, then we experience even more problems. Erickson’s first stage, Trust vs. Mistrust, birth to one year, applies to infants who depends on their parents and caregivers for their basic needs which is food, shelter, clothing and love. If the child needs are met, at this fundamental stage, he will develop trust; however, if it is not met, then he will mistrust people. The next stage, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, applies to toddlers. They want to feel independent. Be able to decide which clothes to wear, toy to play with and food to eat, with little guidance. At this stage, children are building skills and confidence. If autonomy is disapproved, the child will loose self-confidence and will always be doubtful. Initiative vs. Guilt is the third stage. At this stage, preschoolers’ uses the basic skills develop in stage two, to achieve certain goals. If successful at this stage, they feel as if though they have power and control and are able to lead others. If unsuccessful, then they experience complications at the fourth stage, Industry vs Inferiority. This stage is from 5 to 11 years. Children enter primary school and start to acquire the skills needed to be successful. If encouraged and commended by parents, teachers and peers for a well done job, they then develop a feeling of competence and belief in what they are doing. If the opposite occur, then they begin to disbelief their ability to be successful. They feel as if though they are worthless. The fifth stage, Identity vs. Confusion, occur during adolescence. Children are concerned with how others look at them. How they appear to others. At this stage, a sense of identity must be achieved in order to be successful at the next stage, Identity vs. Confusion. The sixth stage, Intimacy vs. Isolation, covers the period of early adulthood. People are developing close, intimate relationship. If successful, they will form committed and secure relationship. If unsuccessful, then they will always be isolated, depressed and uncommitted. Generativity vs. Stagnation, at this stage, we should already build a life. Our primary focus is on our career and family. We should be leading our children in the right direction. If successful, you will feel productive. You will be able to contribute to your home and your community. If unsuccessful, with this stage, then you will feel unproductive and uninvolved in the world. The final stage occurs during old age. If a person have lived a happy life and accomplish his goals, he will have no regret. If not, he will feel life has been wasted and have many regrets....
Cont. Erickson’s eight stage of psychosocial development theory portrays how a person grows from birth to old age. As an infant, we develop trust. I do not recall my years as an infant but can safely say that my basic needs were met because today, trust is not an issue for me. However, up to age seventeen, I did not have autonomy. As per my parents, they were always making the right decisions. Deciding what I wear, which high school to attend, which program to take, which junior college to attend and the reason why I should do so. Hence, I have a Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Administration and now many years later pursuing a Certificate in Primary Education. If was given the opportunity to make decisions on my own, with little input, I would have been much more successful today. I still thank them as well as all my teachers for the strength and encouragement they gave me. If it was not for them, I would have probably been a failure with many regrets and questions, wondering my purpose for living. At this point, I continue to build my life and focus on my career while maintaining a close, strong and committed relationship with my children, my family and my partner. Thanks to my strong sense of personal identity. I strongly agree with Erickson on certain things, especially when he say, we have to lead the next generation. When we are at the final stage, we look back and see if we were successful and how successful. We have to be role models for them. Guide them in the right direction because they are the future of tomorrow.
Erickson's Psychosocial Theory of Human Development stated how personality is developed in different stages in life. His theory of psychosocial development contributed to our understanding of personality development throughout our lifespan. The three main elements in Erickson's theory applies to Ego Identity, Ego Strengths, and Conflict. According to Erickson's video it entails of eight stages which started from, stage one Infancy age 0 to 1, trust vs. Mistrust, where a child depends on his or her parents for survival including warmth, food, trust and affection. During this stage if theirs needs are met consistently and responsively they develop secure attachment and learn to trust the environment in general. If needs are not met the child develop mistrust towards people and the environment and even towards themselves. Stage two, Toddler(2 to 3 years) Autonomy vs shame and Doubt, In this stage toddlers learn to walk, talk, use toilets and do things for themselves. During this stage their self control and self confidence begin to develop. If the child is being encouraged by parents when making mistakes , the child will develop the confidence needed to cope in future situations and being independent. If parents are overprotective or disapproving of the child independence he or she may begin to feel ashamed and have doubt of her abilities. Stage three, Early childhood (2 to 6), Initiative vs. Guilt, In this stage the child developed motor skills and become more in social interaction with people around them. They learn to to be more adventurous and more responsible, and learn to control impulses and child fantasies. If these are not being met the child may develop a sense of guilt and may come to believe that it is wrong to be independent. Stage four, Elementary and Middle School Years, (Age 6 to 12), During this stage school is important, they learn to make things, use tools, and acquire skills to be a worker. contd...
(contd) If children are being productive and seeking success they will develop a sense of competence, and if not met, they will develop a sense of inferiority. Stage five, Adolescence (Age 12 to 18), Identity vs. Rile confusion, During this stage a child is asking ourself, Who am I? Did we develop the basic sense of trust, independence, competence and feel control of our lives? If an adolescence solves these conflict successfully, he or she will come out of this stage with a strong identity, and ready for the future and if the child does not accomplished these in this stage they will sink in confusion, unable to make decision and choices. Stage six, Young adulthood (Age 19 to 40), Intimacy vs. Isolation, In this stage are love relationships. According to Erickson's you are not developmentally complete until you are capable of intimacy. Once individual achieved a sense of identity they can form close relationship, but if not they will fear commitment and feel isolated. Stage seven, Middle Adulthood, (Age 40 to 65) Generativity vs. Stagnation, In this stage Erickson's state that individual refer to generativity as the adult's ability to look outside oneself and care for others. He stated that individual can solve this by having and nurturing children but if crisis is not successfully resolved he or she will remain self centered and experience stagnation in life. Stage eight, Late Adulthood (Age 65 to death) Integrity vs. Despair Important, In this last stage Erickson's stated that is old age and its a time for reflecting upon one's own life and filled their life with pleasure and satisfaction or disappointments. If individual has achieved a sense of fulfillment about life and a sense of unity with himself or herself and with others, he or she will accept death with a sense of integrity. If not the individual will be in despair and fear death. I agree with Erickson theory because if an individual met all these needs they turned out to be a well balanced individual in their life. If these are not met a person turned out to be in distress in his or her life, person have a low self esteem not feeling confident in his/ her life.
From watching the video I observed that Erickson's theory in psychosocial development is much like Sigmund Freud. I agree that a person personality are being developed through a series of stages. To my knowledge I think the most important stage of psychosocial development is stage one because that stage focus on the fundamental stage whereby parent has to be as patient with their children in order for them to develop properly. During the infant stage parents most provide their children with the necessary means a child need for them to live both physically and emotionally. I found out with children in the age group between 3-6 that is where they like to play and uses their imagination when playing. In the stage of Industry vs Inferiority that is where it is consider the entrance to life where children becomes very independent and would become inferior if they do not succeed. I would have to also agree with Erickson on the last stage because he spoke about the last stage relating on how one's would reflect on his/her lifetime on earth. In the seventh stage Ereckson spoke about the age range of 35-55 and I must agree because I am more focus on my career and being a role model for my children
Erickson's psychosocial stages is just as children progress through rough and challenging stages from birth to adulthood. At the first stage which is trust vs. mistrust (infancy- 18 months). The parent play a big role in meeting the needs of the children for example food, clothing selection and diaper change. failure for this they develop mistrust and this result in fear. as for myself i had a sense of mistrust in my current adulthood because of my past relationship. The second stage which is autonomy vs. doubt (early childhood). This stage is when the child's body function leads to a sense of independence. They gain control over food choices, toy preference with the guidance of parents. My experience during this stage is that i didn't had any food choices because I grew up in a single parent home and we didn't had much so I had to be what my mom cooked. As for the toys preference, I didn't like to play with toys. The third stage which is initiative vs guilt (Preschool). The children interact more when people are around them. They balance in adventure and responsibility. Parents discipline their children and tell them what is right from wrong. The fourth stage is industry vs. inferiority. Children find school very important and develop an sense of pride in accomplishment. When a child is encourage and commended by parents and teachers develop a feeling and belief in their skills. Fifth stage is adolescence where children are exploring independence. Sixth stage is intimacy vs isolation(Adulthood). this period just covers young adulthood and personal relationships. Erickson believe it was vital that people develop close committed relationship with other people. He also believe that those with a poor sense tend to have less committed relationships and this lead to emotional isolation, loneliness and depression. Seventh stage is generativity vs. stagnation (Middle adulthood). At this stage we continue to build our lives and focus on family. Eight stage is Integrity vs. despair (Maturity). at this stage you start to reflect back on life. Some people may experience time being wasted and regrets. Those who are proud will feel a sense of integrity and will live with few regrets and gain wisdom even when confronting death.
Psychosocial development deals mainly with the developing from childhood to adulthood. There are eight stages in Erickson’s theory and in each stage new challenges are being met. The eight stages that Erickson discussed are trust vs mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Role Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generativity vs. Stagnation, Ego Integrity vs. Despair, however, during these stages a person is not required to fully master a certain stage to go unto a next stage but if the stage is not completed it can affect a person life. According to Erickson the first stage is basically about satisfying an infant needs. This is a stage where children feel trust for their parents or caregiver if their needs are being met. At this stage children depend a lot on their parent for their survival. In some cases when this stage is not fully completed children tend to grow in a world of insecurity or mistrust. I believe that children at this stage are very vulnerable and they tend to get secured to whosoever shows them love. At the same time they are growing and becoming more independent that they start to make their own decision. This is a time that they start to move from their parent and start to play, eat and change clothes by themselves. As a parent I believe that children should be encourage to make their own decision and be able to solve their own problems. Nevertheless there is also a stage where children have to make some decision where they have to risk themselves by crossing the street or skating and don’t wearing a helmet. It is said that at this specific time in their lives they are taking the initiative to explore their surrounding by themselves and make their own decisions. This is the stage where they don’t have to depend on somebody to tell them what to do. As time goes by they also start to develop their talents and if not allowed they lose interest and motivation. During this period where they discover more about themselves it is very important as a parent to support and encourage children to be productive and work toward their goals. Hence, they also reach to a stage where they feel confused and don’t know what the society expects from them. This transitional stage is from childhood to adulthood where they begin to play the role of a young adult. Being a young adult adds more responsibility and work making them part of an industrious society. Well this is a crucial stage where they have to decide what they want to become of themselves and realize that there no time for mix ideas and feelings. Once these young adults have recognized their identity they are ready to find a partner and make their own families. At this stage they are conscious that they can sustain a relationship of marriage from a long term and fulfill their commitments. Erickson theory is very concrete due that his stages are related to real situation in life. However children development also has to do a lot with the surrounding and society influence. I believe that Erickson theory is well elaborated because there are circumstances that these things really happen and influences in our real life.
Eric Erikson theory of psychosocial human development provides us with answers on how human personality develops. There are eight stages. These stages are Trust versus Mistrust, Autonomy vs. shame and Doubt, Initiative versus Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity versus Role confusion, Intimacy versus Isolation, Generativity versus Stagnation and Ego Integrity versus Despair. In each stage, Erikson believes that humans will face a complexity that will help us to mature. Once we are successful in each stage then well will maintain all the good personal traits. In the first stage of Trust vs. Mistrust, the age of birth to one and half years old, a child will have trust or mistrust depending on the type of care received. For example, a child who receives adequate attention, food and love will learn to trust the world. In oppose to a child who is left unattended with little food, love or care will develop mistrust. Autonomy vs. shame and Doubt, occurs at age one and half to three years, when the child is learning to be independent. The child decides on what to wear, likes and dislikes and should not be ashamed of making these decisions. Thus, parents need to be very patient for toddlers to be successful in this stage. I agree with Erikson that parents need to be patient because my son is at this stage. He feels independent and proud when I respect his wishes. During Initiative versus Guilt, ages 3 to 6 the child can perform different skills and must be aware of not feeling too guilty for doing wrong things. Industry vs. Inferiority lies between ages 6 to 12, when school age children are learning skills to help them through adulthood. A child needs to come through this stage successful for him or her not to feel inferior. Identity vs. Role confusion happens at the age of 12 to 18 years. Teenagers are going through adolescence and need to decide on their future. Intimacy verse Isolation occurs at age 18 to 35 after an individual is settle into a career. They also need to have a commitment in a sexual relationship. Generativity versus Stagnation happens between the age of 35 to 44, where a person can become complacent or creative. Erikson believes that motherhood or commitment in career will allow a person to pass this stage. Ego Integrity versus Despair is between age 65 to death. Humans’ face the challenge of old age while trying to obtain wisdom and spirituality. He believes this will help them accept death. I somewhat agree with Erikson on these stages since I can relate to many of them. However, these complexities can happen and change at any point in a human being life.
Erikson's Psychosocial Theory of human development is based o personality. it is made up of 3 different elements. these are ego identity(ID), ego strength and conflict. Ego identity is developed by human interaction and their surroundings.. Ego strength deals with an individual that's becoming more competent in their life an feeling more important. Everyone goes thru a conflict in life and causing a turning point for them. The stages of psychosocial development have eight stages and each stage is focused on a different crisis for the different age group. Getting them ready for the next stage and what is to overcome. stage 1 is from zero to one and a half years old and its dealing with trust vs. mistrust, complete dependency on parents and physical and emotional needs must be met. stage 2 deals with one to three years old, children are now learning to be independent and doing things on their own. stage 3 is from ages three to six and this is considered the play age for the children and they began to mimic others behaviour. stage 4 is from six to twelve years of age and here is when kids are influenced by teachers and peers and industry vs. inferiority. the fifth stage is from 12 to 18, and in this stage it is identity vs. confusion and its determining their identity and become more independent and withdraw from parents and their peers. stage six is from 18 to 35 years of age and this deals with intimacy vs. isolation and the starting of families. stage seven is from 35 to 55 and this is dealing with yourself and becoming a role model in life for children and the importance of work. the last stage is eight and ages are from 55 to death and this talks about the integrity vs. despair and its based on life reflection.
I think that Erickson’s theory of psychosocial development is much more reliable than that of Freud’s. Erickson believes that everyone will go through a conflict in some point in their life that will cause a turning point in their development. Some of his development patterns in young children are also very similar to Freud’s except he gives us a sense of hope that we can one day recover if we were not successful in any of the stages he describes. Frued’s theory was sex driven while Erikson is social interaction. I especially like that Erickson, in each of his theory try to strike a balance on why we become either a balance or unbalance adult. Both Frued and Erikson’s first stages in their theory focuses on the infant developing that bond with their parents/caretakers that builds a foundation of trust. Erickson’s last stage is about acceptance whether or not you are satisfied with the outcomes of your life and all that you had accomplished.
The word 'psychosocial' is Erikson's term, deriving from the words psychological (mind) and social (relationships). Erikson, like Freud, was concerned with how personality and behavior is influenced. Industry v. Inferiority is the stage where both my children are at in development. I know my son experienced a mid-term failure at school work for the first time and what's worse was that he feels that he is denied the opportunity to discover. I agree that he is developing his unique potential and it is most likely that his feeling becomes inferior and useless. Engaging with others and using tools or technology are also important aspects of this stage. Inferiority is feeling useless; unable to contribute, unable to cooperate or work in a team to create something, with the low self-esteem that accompanies such feelings. The way personality is developed is very evident in Erickson's theory especially in the conflicts
Erickson’s stated that everyone must go through a conflict in life. He also discovered that each person’s personality develop in stages through life. In stage one he stated that children develop trust vs mistrust which means that children tend to have a complete dependency on parents. In the second stage, children become independent and learning things on their own. Age 3-6 years, is the play age for children, this is when they mimic what they see. Age 6-12 years, they become more independent and tend to spend more time with teachers and peers. Age 12-18 years, adolescents who have successfully dealt with earlier conflicts are ready for the identity crisis. Age 18-35 an individual would start a family, failure of this will lead to isolation. Age 35-55, adults need children as much as children need adults and age 55 is the old age whereby an adult would reflect on one’s own life.
Eric Erickson's theory of psychosocial theory of human development is based mainly on personality .He believed that personality develops in a series of stages. Erickson's theory describes the impact of social experiences across the whole lifespan. One of the main elements of Erickson's theory of psychosocial stage is the development of ego identity. Ego is the conscious sense of self that we develop through social interaction. According to Erickson, our ego constantly changes due to new experiences and information we acquire through interacting with others daily. Identity is referred to as all the beliefs, ideals, and values that help shape and guide a person’s behavior. The formation of identity is something that begins in childhood and becomes particularly important during adolescence, but it is a process that continues throughout life. Our personal identity gives us an integrated sense of self that endures and continues to grow as we age. In addition to ego identity, Erickson also believed that a sense of competence motivates behaviors and actions. Each stage in Erickson's theory is concerned with becoming competent in an area of life. If the stage is handled well, the person will feel a sense of mastery, which is sometimes referred to as ego strength or ego quality. If the stage is managed poorly, the person will emerge with a sense of inadequacy. In each stage, Erickson believed people experience a conflict that serves as a turning point in development. In Erickson's view, these conflicts are centered on either developing a psychological quality or failing to develop that quality. During these times, the potential for personal growth is high, but so is the potential for failure. Here are some psychosocial stages of Erickson, which includes eight stages, Trust vs. Mistrust, at this stage the child is dependent on the caregiver, the child develop trust if his/her needs are met. Stage two, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, child learns self control begin making choices, and feels independent without feeling ashamed. Initiative vs. Guilt, the child starts to develop physical skills, mental skills, mimic other behaviors, and develop creativity. Industry vs. Inferiority is when they are influenced by peers and teachers. Failure to succeed socially causes the feeling of inferiority. Identity vs. Role Confusion, this is where the person determines their identity. Intimacy vs. Isolation, the person decides to start a family. Generativity vs. Self Absorption, this is when the person learns to give of self, volunteer, contributes to the community. Integrity vs. Death, the person focuses on death.
I can agree with Freud's Oral Stage due to the fact that babies do always want to satisfy their mouth. When it comes to the Anal Stage i don't really get how if a parent be really strict with the child the child becomes overly organized or being too lay back with a child during this stage lets the child becomes a messy person. When it come to The Phallic Stage i do see the bound between mothers and sons and father and daughters however i think its a little extreme to say that during this stage that a child is actually thinking about killing the same sex parent and sleeping with the opposite sex parent. That's just wrong. Then the Latent Period i can agree with where by the child starts developing his or her personality, and finally yes i agree with the genital stage whereby as we all grow up we start to develop strong sexual interest.
I can more agree with Erikson stages of Psychosocial Development. He believed that ages 0-1 1/2 yrs old which is trust vs. mistrust a child is dependent on their parent and the child gain trust when the parent provides his or her needs to time. The next stage is Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt which is ages 1 1/2-3 yrs old, its the parent reaction to the child action that helps to develop the child personality, in order for a child to be develop properly the parent should be encouraging and patient. The third stage is Initiative vs. Guilt which is ages 3-6 yrs this is the play stage where they mimic what they see, during this stage is whereby they are thought guilt. If they do something wrong they can expect punishment. The fourth stage is Industry vs. Inferiority which is age 6-17 yrs during this stage the child spends more time with peers and teacher this is know as the entrance to life becoming independent. the fifth stage is Identity vs. Role Confusion which is age 12-18 yrs during this stage they start to develop their own identity. The sixth stage is Intimacy vs. Isolation which is age 18-35 yrs during this stage a person starts to isolate him or herself when wanting a family. The seventh stage is Generativity vs. Stagnation which is ages 35-55 yrs during this stage the most important responsibility is ones career and children and finally the eight stage Integrity vs. Despair which is ages 55- Death during this stage is life refection.His stages are more understandable and logical and i agree with them. Erikson also believe that everyone goes through a conflict in their life which causes a turning point in their development. I do agree with this because or experiences that we face helps to shape us as well as to guide us in the future.
Eric Erickson believes that we are shaped based on our social and cultural background. The first stage of Mr. Erickson physosocial development is basic trust vs. mistrust. This stage is from zero to two years. The child is dependent on the mother to provide him or her with their basic needs. Some of the basic needs includes love, food, shelter, and care. The mother providing these and more for the child, the individual will develop trust for their care giver. If the child basic needs are not meant by the parent then the child will develop mistrust. Personally speaking I believe that my decisions are not based on others perspective. I make my own decisions based on my believes and experiences. I think that all those things are based on my experiences in life and my knowledge. As a young child coming up I was afraid of being punish. My older sister on the other hand was the opposite. She always goes against my parents rules. As a result she was punished severely. I was there to witness it and always told myself that I will try my best to follow rules, because I don’t want to be punished. Reflecting on all that and now I can safely say that my decisions are made based on my experiences and not on the perspective of others.
Sigmund Freud psychosexual developmental theory has four stages. He believes that a child will be a balance individual if the stages are properly taught. Mr. Freud also believes that if the stages are not properly taught children will become confused individuals and become unbalanced. The first stage is from birth to 1 year, which is known as the oral stage. During this stage the child behavior is focused on the mouth during breast feeding. The mouth is used as to satisfy the child’s needs. Stage two is the anal stage this stage is from eighteen months to three years. At this time toilet training is the child’s key stage of experience. The third stage is from three to six years, which is called the phallic stage. They become aware of their bodies and the bodies of other children. The sons are closer with the mothers and the daughters with their fathers. According to Freud the boy focuses his libido upon his mother and have jealously and emotional rivalry against his father. To satisfy the boy’s id wants to kill his father. The fourth stage is called the latency. This is from ages six to puberty. The latency stage allows the individuals to be social at school and develop social development .the fifth and final stage of Freud psychosexual development is the genital stage. Freud believes that individual should be balance if all the stages were successful and can make decisions on their own. If the child was not properly taught throughout the stages they may enter into homosexuality and become permiscuos.
In the video clip, it explains of Freud psychosexual stages which Freud claims is a series of stages that begins at birth. As a person advances through theses stages it can or should explains their psychological development. Each of the stages claims that there is a fixation of the libido which is a sexual drive or instinct. This fixation depending on the stage is related to a particular body part. He believes that from birth there is some form sexual energy. Freud’s stages of psychosexual development discussion started with the Oral Stage which is generally between the ages of birth to 2 years old. The body part fixation here is the mouth. It gets its satisfaction from putting things into its mouth to satisfy this urge from the libido. Freud said oral stimulation could lead to an oral fixation in later life. Oral personalities includes smokers, nail-biters, finger-chewers, and thumb suckers The next stage is the anal stage, age 1- 3 -. The libido now focuses its demands on the anus and great pleasure is received from defecating. Ego develops at this stage as the little person realizes that their wishes can cause conflict with others. This is a result of adults saying when and where the child can defecate. This stage determines the child’s future relationship with authority figures. It also will determine your level of control verses disorganization or cleanliness versus untidiness. The Phallic stage is followed at age 3-6. This is the stage where children realize that they are either girl or boy by differences in genitals. This sets in motion the conflict explained by what Freud called the Oedipus complex (in boys) and the Electra complex (in girls). The belief is that boys have sexual feelings toward their mother and girls toward their father. This is resolved naturally through the process of identification which involves the child adopting the characteristics of the same sex parent. Stage 4 occurs at age 6-puberty and is known as latency. It says not much happens here but kids make friends and development issues become more solidified into traits. The Genital stage follows after puberty. It is a time of sexual experimentation and settling down in a relationship. Sexual instinct is directed to heterosexual pleasure, rather than self pleasure during the phallic stage. As usual, there are people who support these theories and those who find Freud’s views totally absurd.
Erikson's Psychological Stages begins at the Infancy phase which is birth to 1 year. Conflicts such as trust versus mistrust are developed here. At this age infants learn appreciation of interdependence and relatedness. Children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care and affection. Lacking this would turn into mistrust. Early Childhood follows at age 1-3 years. Children need to develop a sense of independence. Success at this phase leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt. Play Age at 3-6 years is where children develop humour, empathy and resilience. Children need to be asserting control over their environment. Success leads to a sense of purpose. Children who put forth too much authority experience disapproval resulting in a sense of guilt. School age is the next period between 6-11 years. Children now must cope with new social and academic demands. Success results in a sense of competence, while failure produce a feeling of inferiority. Adolescence now steps in at age 12-18 years. Basic conflict such as identity versus role confusion occurs as Teens partake in social relationships or not. Teens need to develop a sense of personal identity. Success leads to the ability to stay true to one’s self as failure results in role confusion. Also gained here is the sense of the complexity of life. Next phase is the Early Adulthood, which is up to the age of 25. Here young adults develop the sense of complexity of relationships and value tenderness and loving freely. They need to establish intimate, loving relationships. Success of course will be strong relationships while disappointment will become isolation and loneliness. At age 40-65 is the period that’s called Middle adulthood. The basic conflict Erikson states here is Generativity versus Stagnation. Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, the most common example being children making. Being successful at this stage one should feel useful and accomplish. Breakdown at this stage results in shallow involvement in the world. The last phase is Maturity that’s age 65 and beyond. Integrity versus despair is the basic conflict here as older adults look back on their life and should feel a sense of fulfilment. If one lacks that fulfilment they will be regretful, bitter and in despair while success leads to feelings of wisdom. According to Erikson's Theory, the better that people come through each crisis, the better they will tend to deal with what lies ahead, but this is not to say that all is lost and never to be recovered if a person has had a negative experience during any particular crisis stage. Lessons can be revisited successfully when they recur, if we recognise and welcome them.
Some of Sigmund Freud psychosexual development stages in children are noticeable while others are controversial and cannot with the eye redibly be proven; therefore leaving many queries than answers. In stage one children are preoccupied with placing things in the organ of the upper part of the body which is the mouth. This comes from sucking on nipples from the pleasure of feeding and tasting. The oral stage, if done properly with the input of parents will help the child to become balance. On the other hand stage five which is the Genital Stage also involves a person becoming balanced; however as an adult fixation is with objects in the lower organs of the body. In the video it explains that the fifth stage is where children become fully independent from their parents. Children become grown adults and focuses on the genitals, sex drive and become consciously aware of what is right or wrong. Both stages one and five are evident and can be visibly seen from observation and based upon most people’s experience. The stage of which I have some disregard for is stage three, the Phallic stage which includes the Oedipus and Electra Complex because although we can see and hear children trying to remove one parent from the other, we do see children moving in an inappropriate manner making sexual advances towards the opposite parent. Also there is no test or evidence showing a child hormone moving to show that she or he has sexual feelings towards the opposite parent. I really do not know how Freud came up with this stage, but hopefully maybe a future another theorist will do a follow up.
Freuds psychosexual personality development theory is based on the pleasure principle. He believed that humans need sexual pleasure and derive all sorts of means to get it. Our personality is developed based on our early experiences while we are trying to achieve satisfaction. I see the logic behind Freud's theory be ause casually observing people around the world, the majority of our desires have a sexual element at their core. Take for example a desire to have world peace. Why do we want to be at peace? We want it so that we can all feel safe to form harmonious relationships, which hopefully lead to sexual unions in marriage. The first stage in Freud's theory is the Oral Stage where children derive pleasure from sucking. I have seen this to be true as well as seeing that children who are properly nurtured grow up a little more pleasant than those who don't receive the right care as infants. I have noticed that the children who constantly suck their thumbs, chew strange objects or put things into their noses, ears and mouths appear to come from somewhat dysfunctional families which suggest that indeed they may have been neglected or over indulged as infants.
Erikson's Psychosocial development theory, which was influenced by Freud's theory comprises of eight stages and covers a person's entire life span. His theory suggests that our choices and behaviors in life are determined by how we handled different social interactions as we aged. He suggests that we maybe do well and receive a virtue or we may not do so well and move on having acquired a vice. Erikson's stages seem to hold very true with particular evidence at the first and last stages. Infants do appear to learn how to trust from the start of their lives and little ones who were never adequately loved and responded to seem to be less trusting of others as they grow up. Likewise in the Integrity vs Despair stage, it seems to hold true that older adults do either seem very satisfied with their lie or in regret. I have seen adults in this stage who live together but their experiences are so different that one is content and pleasant while the other suffers dementia and is very displeased with her life.
Erickson psychosocial theory outlines a clear path to what is considered as observable stages which humans go through. In stage one he addressed the issue of trust versus mistrust. Here the child learns to trust and is completely dependent on primary care givers. It is therefore important in this stage to bond with a baby, so they may fell a sense of comfort and be emotionally grounded. I believe in his stage seven theory which is Generativity versus Self Absorption, the individual is consumed with setting good examples for their children and focuses on work. When stage one and stage seven is compared it is evident that emotions play an important role in acceptance, the way we behave and the way we are treated and treat each other; therefore it is important for individuals to experience most of his stages.
Piaget's theory of Cognitive development has four stages, according to http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TRF27F2bn-A The first Being the Sensori-motor stage where babies from birth to about two years develop object permanence. According to Piaget, infants start out believing that if it's out of sight, it's out of mind until they start to realize that a thing might not be seen but it is still there. At the second stage, the Pre-Operational Stage about two to seven years, children are unable to mentally conserve. This means that they are unable to see that amounts and lengths that are equal continue to be so despite the shape or length of their container. At the third stage called The Concrete Operational Stage between 7-11years, children are able to understand that quantity is not lost when containers or forms are changed. However, students are still only able to construct opinions or schemas based upon their experiences with concrete objects, they are not able to think in abstract thought as suggested by the scenario with the feather and the glass. In the final stage, the Formal Operational Stage from age 11 years and upward, children begin thinking in abstract terms. The child in the video was able to say that, despite her "knowledge" that feathers can't break glass but hammers can, the rule says the feather will break the glass so the likely outcome would be that the feather broke the glass. Here, children are able to form opinions around things that are not concrete and physical. I have seen where these stages are true to some extent. My 1year old nephew has shown object permanence. When I hid a teddy from him, he was able to find it. However, unlike the video, when I hid the same teddy again in a new place he easily identified the bulge and went to the new place for the teddy without even checking the first hiding spot. I think that although the stages are accurate, children, because of various factors are able to proceed or linger in the stages at their own cognitive speed.
I concur that the stages are true to some extent as different ages are different according the stages of intellectual development. I have seen cognitive development in my nephew as well who is only 4 years old but he has qualities at the preoperational stage where he has excellent memory and imagination and understands the difference between past and the future.
Erik Erikson believed that individual development takes place in a social context. His development is a life long process. The development theory contains eight stages of development that occur at different points in an individual’s life. At each stage, the individual has what he believed as, a developmental crisis. Developmental crises are issues in the different stages that must be dealt with so the individual can move on to the next stage. Each stage offers an outcome as to what will happen if the crisis is not resolved. Incomplete development of one stage can effect later development. I believe in the 8 development stages because when we discussed them in class we could have related to the different stage that took place in our life.
Paiget's Stages of Development focus on intellectual development, as I watched the video clip on you tube with the children with the glass of water at the sensorimotor stage they were able to immediately see what was in front and language development is a milestone at the end of this level. Thereafter, the preoperational 18-24 months is where they are memory and imagination understanding the difference between past and future. I look at my nephew and my babies playing teacher and students and they are able to make distinct relations of real life situations especially where they are reprimanded. Children who are at the ages of 7 to 12 demonstrate logical concrete reasoning which leads to the final stage. The formal operation stage is where the logical use of symbols such as in algebra and science illustrates the accumulation of knowledge.
Paiget's has 4 Stages of Development which are: Stage 1: The Sensori-Motor stage Birth to about 2 years old- during this stage young babies don’t know what happen to the object when it disappears, but as they grow older babies know how to look for objects. However they will look for the object where they last found it not where they watch the person hid it. Stage 2: the pre-operational stage about 2- 7 years old- during this stage children can be trick very easily. E.g. with the juice both were the same amount but because one of the glass was taller and thinner the little girl believed that was the one that had in more juice, so at this stage I would say their eyes deceives them. Stage 3: the Concrete Operational stage about 7- 11 years old- during this stage the child can more comprehend and determine the right answer and cannot be tricked easily. Stage 4: The Formal Operating Stage about 11years onward- during this stage the minds are more develop to know what is likely to happen. I completely agree with Piaget theory. These are things that we see daily as we look on child grows.
The video gave a clear explanation of Freud psychosexual stages. When a person go through these stages Freud said it will tell you their psychological development. Mr. Freud believes that there is a sexual energy in a baby from he or she is young. Freud’s stages of psychosexual development begins with the Oral Stage, it between the ages of birth to 2 years old. In this stage the baby satisfy its self by putting things into its. The second stage is the anal stage which is from ages 1 - 3. This stage determines the child’s future relationship with their parents. The third stage is the Phallic stage, it is from ages 3 - 6. At this stage the children knows that they are either a girl or a boy. Freud belief is that girls have sexual feelings for their father and vice versa. The fourth stage is from ages 6 to. It is said that children make friends and development problems. The fifth stage which is the Genital stage take place after puberty. In this stage you want to experiment and have sexual intercourse and by this time you should be in a steady relationship.
According to Piaget’s during their first year infants learn that everything has a life of its own, even if it’s out of sight. To me this is where infants begin to develop a sense of exploring and finding out things on their owned based on previous experience. I think that Piaget’s theories is that children especially in the stages 1 and 2 use sight as a main tool to what they believe and what they think is right, which is naturally a way a lot of us learn. Children will learn and understand based on what they see while in stage 3 they begin to reason and make sense out of things. And the last stage makes us realize that we begin to understand word for word and not based on what we know but what is stated or given to us.
I agree that infants learn that everything has a life of its own even if it's out of sight because as adults we grow with that because we can imagine seeing things even if they are not around
Piaget's Stages of Development focus on four stages: one the sensor motor stage , 2 the per operational stage, 3 the concrete operational stage and four the formal operation stage. at the first stage infants acquire knowledge through sensory experiences and manipulating objects. the second stage: they learn through pretend play, the other stage; begins to think more logically. and the last stage increase in thinking logically, deductive reasoning and understanding of abstract ideas.
Yes Nazzera, I must agree with you and that Piaget main focus on cognitive development focus on four major stages which includes sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational stages.
I agree with the results from the multiple intelligent test due to the clear explanation. I do consider myself interpersonal. I enjoy building close relationship with my family and friends. I like to have peace and respect for everyone I come in contact. I believe that we all need someone in our life to communicate our joy, struggles, and feelings for us to be happy. The result also shows that I am a linguistic person. Thus, I love to listen to other and study their body language. I value the importance of communication. As a future teacher, communication will allow me to listen, understand and share much vital information. Music and arts are my weakness. I cannot play any instruments or draw. However, I am open to learn. I guess that is the reason why I am interpersonal rather than intrapersonal.
After completing the MIS (Multiple Intelligence Survey), the results clearly show that my most dominant intelligence is Visual/Spatial (Picture Smart). The spatial intelligence is very obvious in my driving and drawing, I tend to see things or can picture things most people don’t, when driving I tend to be very aware of my environment and I love to draw things that I’ve seen earlier in the day or weeks ago. The visual intelligence becomes more obvious, because I know myself for starring and observing things/objects or even people or wanting to see something in action. I can remember at a young age, I was eager to know how thinks work. I recall opening up my toys to see what makes them work and sometimes I would put them back up and it would never work again. I like watching videos or pictures that indicate an object of how it is put together or what each part do. I even use this method even in math. I recall my 6th form days; I would go home and watch videos on specific topics to help me understand better what the teacher taught that day. On the other hand, according to the survey says that my least dominant intelligence is “Linguistic (Word Smart)”. I can relate to this because sometimes even in my reflections paper, I notice the way how I think and my ideas flow and how it actually comes out in the paper. Even during presentations in-front of a group of people I tend to forget words because of being nervous. I hope to one day conquer this fear because I know what I’m capable of doing and saying.
Yes Kenny, the multiple intelligence survey is like a wellness survey, only that the MIS helps us to face to face reality on our strength and weaknesses in relation to real life.
After completing the Multiple Intelligences Test I agree with the score that I received. I got a high score in interpersonal and I considered myself as that type of person. I got along with family and friends and I find it very easily to make friends with people. I loved music. Everything I do involves music and everything I do music is always in the background. I can play recorder, piano and guitar a little bit because my dad loved music and he try to teach his kids some kind of musical instrument. I learned better through practical rather than theory. I loved sports. I play softball and any other sports and I am the coach for B.R.P.S. I agree with the rating of my intelligency
Having answered the 40 questions on this survey, I am a little surprised by my least dominant intelligence. My lowest score was eight points on Body smart (Kinaesthetic). I don’t understand why this would be my least dominant as I am a person who loves sports, my favorite past time is swimming; this is a Sunday ritual in my home. With a score of 17, the survey states that my most dominant intelligence is Logical. While I do not agree that this should be my most dominant intelligence I can understand why it is. Growing up Math was always my favorite subject and this still remains today. I can very much relate to this in my everyday life especially when it come s to budgeting and time. Calculations are made in my mind in terms of saving money and in saving time in my daily commute. I believe my least dominant intelligence should have been musical, while I do love music; I have no musical talent and no interest in learning anything about it in terms of instruments. My dominant intelligence I would say would have been Interpersonal, coming from a Customer Service back ground, interacting with people is something I love to do.
According to Piaget, children are born with a very basic mental structure (genetically inherited and evolved) on which all succeeding learning and knowledge is based. The goal of the theory is to explain the mechanisms and processes by which the infant, and then the child, develops into an individual who can reason and think using hypotheses. Meaning that as the child develops and grows he/she is taught how to reason or think. This is done by parents, teachers, and even society/culture they are born in. To Piaget, cognitive development was a progressive reorganization of mental processes because of biological maturation and environmental experience. Children construct an understanding of the world around them and then experience differences between what they already know and what they discover in their environment. In the video we able to understand that as a child develops he/she knows nothing. But as they communicate, they begin to understand what things are and this is done with the help of parents and individuals surrounding the child. A good example of this is a dog barking, the child hears it but cannot decipher what it is, however as he/she begins to mature and understand what this strange creature is they begin to understand that this is a dog. Thus, they learn things through observation, sounds and interaction.
Being able to understand the world in our view is quite easy, but we may have at times differences in the way things work and how they work. This does not mean that we are slow learners it means that we are able to grasp information at our paste. Using the Multiple Intelligence survey, I was able to understand what my strength and weakness were. My strength was that I am Picture Smart. This meant that I will be good at art and good at other activities where I look at pictures like map reading, finding my way out of mazes and graphs. In my opinion, I do not consider myself being dominant in this area because I cannot even draw. Hence, I find this strange. My weakness on the other hand, is that I am not a people smart. This means that I do not mix with people too well. This I definitely know is right because I keep to myself. It’s more like am not socially connected to other individuals, but that is just the way I am. I do not consider it a weakness but it was one of my lowest scores. The reason why I hate this type of test is because it tests how good you know yourself and at times, we grade or judge ourselves hard.
On the other hand, I enjoyed doing the test because it shows us that we have multiple intelligences in the world. This should give us a reason to respect and value others equally.
According to my result of the multiple choice intelligence, linguistic was the lowest and interpersonal skill was the highest score. Although my score in linguistic is low, I still consider myself having the abilities that enables a person to communicate with everyone. I can also express my ideas, concern, emotion and desires in a comprehensive way. Therefore, I know that linguistic is not only about communication it also deals with the structure of language which is subdivided into different field such as: syntax, morphology, phonology, pragmatic, semantics and phonetics. I still have a lot to improve on language for example writing and pronunciation of certain words. However, I am a person with strong interpersonal skill. Having strong interpersonal skill makes me feel comfortable with myself. I also have confidence in myself, meaning that when I set a goal, I make sure I achieve it. As a teacher I consider myself as having strength and weakness and I know which things I am capable of doing and which areas I need to improve.
In my opinion, I found the multiple intelligence survey very interesting! While conducting this survey, I learned to face reality in regards to my strength and weaknesses. I have also acknowledged that my strength covers areas such as: bodily-kinesthetic, spatial- visual, interpersonal and intrapersonal skills. On the other hand this evaluation shows me my weak areas which include: linguistic, logical- mathematical and musical preferences. In relation to my weak areas there are many rooms for improvements in these weak areas, so as of today I will work on how to improve those weak areas.
I agree with you Jose, I also found the survey interesting and that it helps in ways to let us know our strengths and weaknesses so we can improve them.
While researching on Jean Piaget theory of Cognitive Development, His main interest on cognitive development relates mostly to the long-term changes in how children and youth gradually becomes able to think logically and scientifically. I must mention that Piaget theory is scientifically popular among educators. Piaget theory also speaks about several learning stages that children go through in order to learn. I found out that in each stage, the children learning stage is different and get a little complex as time progresses. His theory also spoke about the relation on how children learn, for example: he believe that children should play, experiment, and relate to real life experiences. Assimilation, accommodation and equilibrium are the mental models which each child goes through in relation to cognitive development. Furthermore Piaget proposed four major stages of cognitive development as follows: A.) Sensorimotor Stage- birth to age 2: This is the first stage which the infants “think” by means of their senses and actions. For example a baby touches, listen, look and place objects in their mouth as a form of communication. B.) Preoperational Stage- age 2 to 7: This stage children use their ability to represent objects in a variety of activities, but the child still may not know how to do it in an organized or logical manner. C.) Concrete Operational Stage: age 7 to 11: In this stage the child becomes more able to represent their ideas in a more flexible and logical way in which they can solve problems in a more systematic way than before. D.) Formal Operational Stage- age 11 and beyond: At this stage Piaget basically spoke about the child being able to reason with tangible objects, but also a period when the child can operate and form representations.
I like that you commented not only on Piaget's cognitive development theory which we studied in class, but that you also breifly touched on his Theory of Constructivism. In that theory he suggested that children "construct" their own learning through direct physcal "hands-on" contact with their environment. Even though I am not a very tactil person myself, I have found that it is easier for me, my son and the children I have taught, to learn when we are immersed fully in whatever lesson and interacting directly with the topic at hand. Thinking back to when I was growing up and learning, the things and lessons that stand out the most are those in which I was an active participant in my own learning.
The result from the Multiple Intelligence test indicates that I am a very linguistic person. I am high in this type of intelligence and amazingly, extremely low in Naturalistic. I enjoy reading, writing and talking. I am very sociable, love meeting new people and appreciate meaningful conversation. My favorite pastime is reading Daniel Steele novels or writing short fiction. I love reading and telling humorous stories to my children and students. I am very persuasive and enjoy debating. I am also good at giving and memorizing information. What astounded me is that I got tremendously low on Naturalistic Intelligence which I expected would have been the second highest primarily because of my passion for nature. I love the serenity I find in the village of St. Paul’s. The river, the breeze, the trees, the fruits and the animals especially horses. I am always blown away by nature’s beauty. I love camping, gardening, hiking and exploring. I also enjoy teaching about plants and animals. One of my greatest joys is being a tourist in my own country.
Having completed the test items, I refreshed my memory by reading up on Gardiner’s Multiple Intelligence. With this information in mind, after analyzing my scores. The test revealed the highest to the lowest score to be interpersonal, logical mathematical, musical, bodily kinesthetic and intrapersonal which shared an equal score. Finally linguistics, then spatial visual. Some of the information based on the results I do not agree with; nonetheless the intelligence results show that I understand better when I interact with others and empathize greatly and have many friends. These are all true except for having many friends, since from as far back as I can remember I have only surrounded myself with with a limited number of people. The results also reveal the second highest score for logical mathematical, I do like reasoning and thinking things through. I also in math need to deal with the concept from a step by step process. As for Linguistics which was one of the lowest scores, the information about this type of testing was to a great deal correct, I do not enjoy sorting puzzles , dislike reading and I cannot be taught by seeing just using words.
The Multiple Intelligence test results showed that i am a very musical person and that i am also Intrapersonal.Indeed i love music and like to use it in my work but can't play a musical instrument if my life depend on it. And being Intrapersonal states that i consider my own aim and achieve them which i most often do i always try to improve myself i never find myself being a stagnant person.My lowerst score was on bodily -kinesthetic and not surprise am not active person never have been and surly don't like math so this is expected . I was nice to know a little more about myself
I totally agree with you we all love music but can bearly handle a musical instrument. you have some commonities with my lowest was on bodily- kinesthetic we are not active people but we can sure improve our situation.
Dr. Howard Gardner indicated that educators and parents can learn student's or a child's strengths and weaknesses through multiple intelligence testing. The results should illustrated the preferred learning style which gives the opportunity to being productive. After completing the test, it depicted equal strengths in logical and interpersonal intelligence. On the contrary, I am less kinaesthetic/ bodily-kinesthetic which simply means that I do not use my body to learn, but it's alarming because I love to incorporate dance and drama in my lessons.
Natural intelligences are the cognitive problem-solving skills that I possess such as logical-mathematical and interpersonal. It is proven that I do have strengths in thinking logically and am good with numbers ; in addition, I love to empathize and understand building a strong teamwork through communication is essential. I was amazed and pleased with the results.
I really like that you are in tune with yourself and aware of what your styles are, even if you were a little surprised by a few. It's great to hear that you incorporate a learning style into your lessons, which you thought was a major style of your own but turns out that it wasn't. To me, this shows that as a teacher, you are putting a genuine effort into your student's education, so much so that you are able to teach using different styles that are not 100% your own learning style. Good job teach!
According to the stages of Piaget's stages of development, children are expected to pass through all four stages of development. Through our sensory motor stage we learn how to develop our senses. Children learn to understand when things are touchable or can be seen. While groing we continue to develop a sense of selfishness we do not care about nothing or no one else. Then while groing more we learn how to see things differently this helps us to see things more sensibly. When they get much older we start to reason out things that they have not experienced in life.I think these four stages will help us to be more responsible in life
I agree with the results of my multiple intelligence survey I did. My survey explained to me that I am a musical person. I totally agree. I am a musical person. I enjoy music it releases me of stress and keeps me entertained day and night. Through music it helps to get across positive messages. I believe that should include music in our life because it serves multiple purposes. My results also shows me that I am an interpersonal person who enjoys being around people and enjoy being around family and friends. T key to a positive relationship includes communication at its highest level. Through communication, I would be able to get across my message carefully and help others to understand things well. Logical-Mathematical and bodily-Kinaesthetic are my weakness. S I need to improve in my movements and try to get myself involve in some type of sport or a dance something I believe can happen in time.
I totally agree with you Catherine. Music serves as many purposes in our lives. And we both need to get involved in something to work on our bodily-kinaesthetic section.
After completing the Multiple Intelligence Survey and reading up Gardner’s seven distinct Intelligences I found it to be very interesting. As a teacher I like that it allows us to understand the different ways in which people learn hence, we can use our creativity to cater to the different learning styles of our children since we already know that everyone cannot learn the same material in the same way. However, the results left me wondering if I truly know myself in terms of the way I learn, remember, perform, and understand. After analyzing and processing the results from the test my highest score was Intrapersonal which revealed that I am self-aware and in tune with my inner feelings, values, beliefs and thinking processes. I also found that my strengths were in musical, interpersonal and logical-mathematical. For me these go hand in hand. Receiving the same scores in these areas made me reflect on how much I love music that I try to incorporate it in my lessons for different subjects especially math when learning tables and formulas. Music calms, relaxes and keeps me focused. It doesn’t matter what genre of music. In math I do need to form concepts before dealing with the details. And even though I like keeping to myself I find that I am a people person, I can easily relate to and enjoy working with people. Linguistic was one of my weak areas of which I accept since am not big on words and even though I like to read seeing too many words tend to bored me and my interest is lost very easily.
After completing Gardeners Multiple Intelligence Test I found out my strengths and weakness. My weakness are logical-mathematical and spatial visual. Therefore, I know that I need to build them up by doing more drawings, crossword puzzles and read the map more often. As for the rest of intelligence, bodily kinetics, musical. interpersonal, intrapersonal was very good because i am a person that like to move around a lot, communicate through body language and love music.
I like Shanine's comment because I looked at the test as being something set. I interpreted it as a tool used to measure the ways in which a person learns best, however; her comment suggests that she needs to "build" up her weaknesses. Although the test does show how best a person learns, looking at the lower grades as weaknesses that can be strengthened is a very good approach to moving forward in become a better learner who is in active control of my learning. I like your perspective Ms. Haylock! :)
Jean Piaget studied children cognitive development. He believes that they learn best when exploring the environment. According to him, learning is an active mental process and we have mental schemas. These mental schemas are building blocks of knowledge. We build the schemas either through assimilation or accommodation. Assimilation is when stimulus are similar to our previous experience. Accommodation happens when stimulus is different, therefore we must adapt or change our mental schema to accommodate new knowledge. They are four stages that he has developed. 1. Sensorimotor stage is from birth to age two. The child learns through hearing, seeing or touching. The child will develop object permanence that will allow them to understand that an object still exists when it is covered. 2. Preoperational is from age two to seven. Language increases and imagination grows. However, the child is egocentric viewing everything from their perspective. 3. Concrete is from ages seven to twelve. The child increases in knowledge of the world and now able to take in other perspective. They understand conservation and reversibility. 4. Formal is from ages twelve through adulthood. The person is able to think abstract. I only agree with Piaget first and third stages of cognitive development since that is what I observed when my baby was growing up. I do not agree with Preoperational stage. I believe children at that age are not egocentric because we do have children that obey and respect their parent’s thoughts. Formal, I totally disagree they are people who will never reach this stage if based only on age. They are other factors like school, finance, and self-confidence that may come into play.
Jean William Fritz Piaget was born on the 9th of August 1896 in Neuchatel, Switzerland and died at the age of 84 in Geneva, Switzerland on the 16th of September 1980. His major fields were developmental psychology and epistemology. He was known for his works of constructivism, genetic epistemology, ego-centrism, object performance and the famous theory of cognitive development; which i will further elaborate on. Mr. Jean Piaget was famously known for his theory of cognitive development which has four stages: 1. Sensorimoter Stage: this stage is from birth to two years old. In this stage children experience the world through movement and their five senses. They are extremely egocentric, meaning they cannot see the world from other's viewpoints. He also divided this stage into six sub-stages. 2. Piaget's second stage is the Pre-Operational stage which starts when the child begins learning to speak at age 2 up until the age of 7. In this stage, he noted that children does not yet understand the concrete logic and that children's increase of playing and pretending takes place. 3. The Concrete Operational stage is the third stage that lasts from ages 7 to 11. In the Concrete Operational stage children can now conserve and think logically and they are no longer egocentric. 4. The last stage is the Formal Operational stage. This fourth stage lasts from the age of 11 up to the age of 16 and onward. In this stage children develop abstract thought and can easily conserve and think logically in their mind. Overall, i should say that in a sense I agree with Piaget's stages and in another no because of how I have observed my little niece and sister growing up. However, it is a very popular theory and most individuals agree with him.
Also, I would like to share the results of the Multiple Intelligence (MI) Test that I took. The MI test basically includes questions asked that will then result up to you being rated with categories of • Kinesthetic (Body Smart) • Linguistic (Word Smart) • Logical (Number Smart) • Interpersonal (People Smart) • Intrapersonal (Myself Smart) • Musical (Music Smart) • Visual/ Spatial (Picture Smart) • Naturalistic (Nature Smart). Based on my results it says that my highest score was in the Interpersonal section, then on to the Naturalistic section. The third high score I got was in the Linguistic section and then on to the Visual/ Spatial section. The fifth section was the Musical section and I was on to the Interpersonal section. The last section I scored in was the kinesthetic section. This is simply saying that I am very good when it comes to me and nature. Then I am just good when it is based on numbers, pictures and music. Then I am fair when it is based on people smart. Lastly, when it is based on word smart and body smart which I am not so good in, but fair in some way. Overall, I believe the scores I got were true because I am very good when it comes to situations with myself and nature. And I also like dealing with words, reading writing or even solving word puzzles. I am sort of a people person in some senses, well lets say most of the time, but there always comes a time I would just rather be by myself than with others. When it comes to music, numbers and the other sections I can personally say I am not so interested in. This MI survey helped me to further see my strengths and weaknesses. Now, I use my strengths to help others and also myself but I can also now begin to work on my weaknesses.
The MI test based on Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligence model appeared to be very accurate for me. I have always felt that I learn, teach and live my life across an almost even spectrum rather than very specifically in one domain. I was not surprised that some of my scores were much lower than others, like in math and logic, because I feel that this was something I had known for some time. My score on the Multiple Intelligence test showed that I am equally linguistic and intra-personal, first and foremost then inter-personal behind by a point and musical behind by two. My math, logic, movement and spatial awareness senses are close behind but not quite as high as the first 'intelligences'. What I got from both the test and the results, was that people and children learn in a variety of different ways. It is possible for one child to learn predominantly through linguistics while another in the very same classroom learns through bodily-kinesthetics and another still may be more musically inclined. This suggests that if teaching is only done to appease the linguistic learner the others who weigh more heavily on different ways of learning will not be benefiting fully from the lesson. Knowing the different learning styles and capabilities of the children and or adults you teach is crucial in being an effective teacher.
After completing the multiple intelligence test the result shows that I am a Interpersonal and Musical person. While I am a less Linguistic and Bodily-Kinesthetic person. I totally agree with my result which is Interpersonal because I am a very emotional person and I could feel sorry for someone easily even if I don't know him/her. I can easily relate to others feelings and understands the relationship between people and their situation, including other people. I could interpret someone moods from their facial expressions also could demonstrate their feelings through body language. I am a good learner through communications, teamwork and human contact. My intelligence roles is a teacher, doctors, educators and counsellors. I strongly believe I am in the correct field of becoming a teacher. Musical is the second intelligence type I also get a high score on. I am a musical person I enjoy listening to music when I feel sad or down. Music means a lot to me especially when I am meditating or doing homework. I found out that music really calm me down when I am upset and when I am not feeling good like when I am sick.
Jean Piaget was a psychologist and philosopher. He was very knowing for the cognitive stage of development. His theory of cognitive child development was detailed observational studies of cognitive in children. Piaget believes that children think different ways than adults do. with Piaget work it showed that children are born with a very basic genetically inherited mental structure that evolves and is the foundation for all subsequent learning and knowledge. He saw cognitive development as a progressive reorganization of mental processes resulting from maturation and experience. Piaget believed children will construct an understanding of the world around them, and will then experience between what they already know and what they discover in their environment. Piaget have four types of stage of development: 1. Sensorimotor stage: knowledge develops through sensory and motor abilities. 2. Preoperational Stage: knowledge is represented by language, mental imagery, and symbolic thought. 3. Concrete Operational stage: children can reason logically about concrete objects and events. 4. Formal Operational: children can think deeply about concrete events and can reason abstractly and hypothetically.
After taking the MI (Multiple Intelligence) test, i found it to be very interested. It has shown me that from each of these Kinesthetic (Body Smart), Linguistic (Word Smart), Logical (Number Smart), Interpersonal (People Smart), Intrapersonal (Myself Smart), Musical (Music Smart), Visual/ Spatial (Picture Smart) and Naturalistic (Nature Smart). My result shows that am more of a Musical, visual/spatial, Naturalistic, and interpersonal have been my high score. I agree with these results simply because am musical incline and very artistic person love nature and picture smart. This test simply points out my strengths and weaknesses, helping me to know what area I need to improve in.
In the video Freud Stages of Psycho sexual development included: The Oral Stage which is from birth to to 2 years of age. It discusses that if a child does not go through this stage normally they can develop fixation,and here is where "Id' comes in. Next we have the Anal stage when a child is being potty trained ,If he/she is pressured they will become "Anal Compulsive" meaning very neat and organized or become "Anal Expulsive" which is when you are not demanding with them they tend to be messy. If i should consider this to be true i tend to wonder if my stage of potty training was some what demanding because when my house is not organize i get frustrated, but am not overly organize so i won't refer to myself as ANAL COMPULSIVE. Another stage is the Phallic Stage that deals with becoming aware of sexuality and according to Freud ,Boys develop sexual desire for their mother known "Oedipus Complex" And females for their father which is Called the "Electra Complex" this may make much sense to Freud since he was interested in sexuality however i find it more of an attachment phase because the parent tend to be more agreeable with the other gender for some reason but not primarily for sexual reasons. After the Phallic stage Comes The Latency Stage which is from 6 to puberty which not much come into place here in that you will be functional, finding friends and displaying your personality at this stage. I consider this to be so because at age 6 i have read that children usually develop the basic part of their personality. Then The Genital Sage which is the final stage after puberty better known as adulthood is where Intimacy for the other partner begins and Ego and super ego comes into place. Notably if a person does not get through the Phallic Stage normally they may become homosexuals I tend wonder how true this is. Some of what Freud discussed are worth merit ,while others i find questionable but like most people we tend to draw our conclusion base on our experience and understanding.
ReplyDeleteThat is true, for me some part of his theories are questionable indeed. not being able to see proof ,it makes it hard to understand and believe how his theories are connect as he have connected them.
Deleteit is possible for us to relate to some of the stages but this is just a theory among many others. it is true that our personality is based indeed by our experiences.
DeleteI don't believe in most of Freud's theory is true a person chooses to be a homosexual if they so desire or maybe its genetic.I think Freud needs loosen a bit.
DeleteI agree with what your saying Ms. Nazzerra because we can not relate fully to his theory, and we do not know if they are really facts because they are no proof.
DeleteI find Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development to be very interesting especially the Phallic Stage. This stage stands out for me because it is very evident in our Belizean society however, I never heard of anyone interpreting it the way Freud did. For example, you will hear mothers speaking among themselves and they would say that their boy child is closer to them and vice versa for the girl child and their father. I never heard of any cases where a boy child and his father could not get along because the boy jealous the father. The only case where this would come about is if the father is abusive to the mother.
ReplyDeleteI also find the Oral stage (0-2) very interesting due to the fact it is something we can relate to. Any one who is around children within this age range can relate to what Freud mentioned about always putting things in their mouth. I find most Freud's Psychosexual Stages of Development to be very interesting and yet a lot of questions. Who is Freud to come up with all these conclusion about human beings behavior and choices?
Freud was just sharing his knowledge and undersatnding it's up to us to believe and take what make sense.
DeleteI don' believe that a boy child is closer to his mother or a girl child is closer to their father in the way Freud interprets it. I simply believe that all human being have their own choice when it comes to their parents.
DeleteMs. Catherine I agree with you because a person is more close to someone who they are comfortable around. For example a child is more comfortable with his or her parent that they can open up to.
DeleteSigmund Freud, the theory of psychosexual development describes how personality develops during childhood. Freud believed that personality develops through a series of childhood stages in which the pleasure becomes focused on certain areas. This psychosexual energy, or libido, was described as the driving force behind behavior.
ReplyDeleteIf these psychosexual stages are completed successfully, the result is a healthy personality. A person who is fixated at the oral stage may be over-dependent on others and may seek oral stimulation through smoking, drinking, or eating.
Sigmund Freud was a strange man. The fact that he had sexual relations with his own mother makes me take him less seriously than he would have wished; apparently he did not solve his Oedipal complex. According to Freud, our first sexual person we encounter is our father or mother.
Yes, I agree that some people are very sexually driven; however, how do you explain the people who decide to be abstinent and focus on other things? How do you explain the way people work hard to help others with no benefit ? How are about children with special needs and disabilities? In today’s society there are benefits with being successful and not based on personal interests and assumptions such as Freud's.
it's true. I have to wonder about one of my sisters who is healthy and abstinent and it is physically seen that it is true. she has already stated that she prefers to have boys as friends and she does not even have any girl friends. she is 30 years old and she still lives with my parents, with them taking care of her.
DeleteThanks Carolina for sharing :)
DeleteThis video simply explains Freud’s five stages of psychosexual development. In each stage he focuses on a specific pleasure point. He believed that by passing through these stages our personalities are shaped.
ReplyDeleteAfter reading and listening about Freud’s stages, I think that he does make some good points in his theory and leaves me with some questions and opinions. Why does he believe that every stage has to be focused on one thing? I can see why his first stage would be focused on the mouth; however I can’t see how a person who was under indulged is left with a character trait such as overeating. Other theories state that overeating is compensating for something missing in a person’s life. I tend to agree with this theory and not Freud’s. His second stage had me asking my mom if she was lenient with me while potty training, she couldn’t remember so how can I? I can’t argue this point, I am not a “sleck” person per say but I do have my days when cleaning may not be by number one priority. So if Freud’s theory is right I guess my mom was maybe a little too lenient on me.
His third theory, being obsessed with the parent of the opposite sex; I grew up without a father in my home so I am wondering, who am I supposed to be obsessed with and want to kill? I think maybe Freud may want to go back and find a theory for my case. Maybe then I could diagnose myself for this stage. In the Latency stage, I think Freud’s theory is accurate; children in puberty do socialize with each other and are finding themselves. Lastly, the Genital Stage; he says that this is the stage that our libido is in full gear and we start becoming attractive to the opposite sex and homosexuality starts occurring. He also states that this is where healthy or unhealthy relationships are built.
Times have changed since Freud’s theory came about, homosexuality is now prominent in our society and there have been studies to prove that people are born gay. This contradicts what Freud theorized; that it is developed. I do believe that some individuals are born this way, it’s a trait I have seen in young children and I already know that child will be different. I have been right a few times, others not so much. As for the healthy/unhealthy relationships between partners of the opposite sex; I will agree with Freud that it is developed, however I don’t necessarily believe it is in this stage. I think it starts from early childhood. If a male sees his father beats his mom, there is a very high percentage that child will grow up to do exactly that. It’s the same with the girl, if she watches her mom being promiscuous; she too will probably do the same thing. It is all they have known and seen. Those are only two examples of unhealthy relationships, which I believe started from early childhood.
Sigmund Freud’s theory is very educational and does hit on some points, some which are personal. While I agreed and disagreed with parts of his theory others may agree or disagree with us both. It all comes down to what each of us believes and the experience we have encountered.
Amen to that Not Everything is gospel I always say!!!
DeleteI agree with you because in some cases individuals who are attracted to the same sex are not fixated as Freud mentioned, some individuals are born and this trait and it is also quite complicated to understand homosexuality. Freud's theory is geared more at males rather than females.
DeleteI totally agree with your point of views. Your views on this matter made me also reflect on mine as a child growing up.
DeleteI agree with what you stated and it all comes down to how you grow up
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ReplyDeleteFreud theory on the Psychosexual Development Stages:
According to the development stages of Freud that was mention in this video , has basically been interpreted by myself to be something that is not genuine. His theory seems to mainly come from observation of his own, Ideas that simply comes to his mind. There is no scientific evidence to show whether his theories of how one’s develop is true. Nevertheless, the five stages; oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital stages that his theories are subjected to, we can relate to some part of them as the first stage the Oral Stage; whereby a child is “id” driven. A child not knowing the moral concept of life does not go by rules. However, if a child needs something, they will ask or demand what they need. Example, A baby needs clean diaper, that child will cries until they get a clean diaper on. If a child is hungry he or she will cry until they are feed. The second stage, Freud believes that if parents do not patty train properly, whether the parent is over demanding when doing so, that child will go up obsessed with order and if not the child will grow up to be disorderly or messy. Here there is no evidence to show how it connects. There can be other reason for such act. The third stage ; when it comes to the part of a child being “Oedipus Complex” and “Electra Complex”, I find it to be a preconception that females having a penis envy, boys become jealous of their father and wants to kill them to be with their mother. It seems….. It’s something that I don’t agree with. If that was the case I would say they would have been many cases that show the results that would make that theory true. Then we have the Latency stage, I can agree on the development of that stage, we can see it plainly that child within the age range of 6yrs old they develop social skill, self-interest and communication skills, learn right from wrong which are their focus here. The last stage, the Genital Stage, I also agree with to an extent in which after puberty your Ego and super Ego are fully developed at this time, allowing attraction to the opposite sex and sexual interest. Their think about other not only themselves.
As an overview we can see that Freud theories on psychosexual development are questionable due to the fact locking of scientific evidences to prove the develop act within each stage all of it doesn’t connect. Some part of it may be true while other parts are questionable as mention before. We may try to relate with his theories in favors of us trying to find an explanation for our action or reason for our behavior and others. Also what makes his theories questionable is the background of his life.
I think his personal life played a huge role in the way he did his research and came up with his theories and that makes his theories questionable. Good points Nazzerra..
DeleteYou mentioned that there is no scientific evidence to prove Freud's theory, I think that even if there were it would still be questionable. Take evolution for example, the scientific evidence is there but contrary to this I still believe what I believe; there is a God, and I am sure that I am not the only one.
DeleteI would have to comment on the agreement of parents are of significant importance when it relates to the psychosexual development of our children. I must say that it is sad to say on behalf of some parents, for the most part they are not even around to acknowledge these five important stages of developed by Freud's theory. This could impact on a child being brought up in a single home based on seperation and the neglect of one's parent. I think as a good parent you should be there for the stages of development among your children.
DeleteI agree that his theories leads to his background to be questionable. In my opinion I say that probably from experiences he is more interested in sexuality, so it leads to questions about the background of his life.
DeleteThe video explains Freud's psycho-sexual stages of development and the consequences that occur when the stages are not completed properly. I know that Freud's theories has a huge impact on today's society and that he has paved the way for other psychologist, but i have to disagree with when he says that sex-drive is present in infants. This is in the first stage from birth to 1 year I believe that infants don't understand and don't have a idea of their body yes i agree that the pleasure is on oral like sucking the mother's breast because that is the baby way of feeding so i have to ask how does sex drive come in to play? Unsuccessfully completing that stage can result in smoking, biting your nails etc. stage two is the anal stage from 1 to 3 years. this stage is focused on potty training and the way that parents potty train their kids can have positive or negative outcome. If a parent has too much leniency when potty training a child that child will have a disorganized and messy adult hood but if the parent is constantly reinforcing the potty training routine that child will grow up being organized, obsession with cleanliness and control. This stage to me makes perfect sense because I am a result of constantly reinforcing potty training by my mother I am a controlling and organized person i don't like anything being out of place. The third stage is from 3 to 6 yrs. In this stage boys develop conscious pleasure for their mother and girls develop pleasure for their father. watching the video made me question Freud's theory, yes i do believe that children at this stage becomes jealous towards the parent of opposite sex but not so drastic as to thinking about killing them.The video states that boys want to have sex with their mother and kill their father. I think they are exaggerating too much, yes their a competition between the father and his son who gets more attention but a son does not hate his father that much to develop the mentally to kill. The fourth stage is the latency stage from 6 yrs to puberty. sexual urges remain repressed and children are more focused on paying with the opposite sex. The comment that the speaker gave in the end of the video was very interesting because i had the some of the same taught that Freud was focused more on sexuality..........
ReplyDeleteFreud's theory is very questionable because many of his ideas is based on sex. Hence, in my opinion Freud was probably addicted to sex so he came up with this theory. What is amazing about his theory is that much of it can be related to the development of a child.
DeleteFreud theorized that people in their development of personality progress through five phases, which include Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital Stage. During any of the stages, conflicts or disturbances could arise that, if not resolved, could fixate that person in some way at that particular stage of development. According to Freud, the term fixated meant that a person’s personality development was halted at a particular stage. Depending on the different type of fixation experienced, Freud believed that there were different adult characteristics which are displayed due to fixation of those stages.
ReplyDeleteIn the video, we are able to understand what Freud saw in his time, according to him we were driven by sex (Libido). Hence, all of his stages of psychosexual development are geared at our pleasures/desires that are in the unconscious and conscious part of the mind. I personally agree with Freud’s psychosexual development, but what seems to be impossible to believe is the Phallic stage when the girl and boy fall in love with their parents. I say this because I have observed both my nephew and niece and up to this day, I have not seen that connection. Yes, I have seen the attachment, but how do we know that a boy at age 3-5 wants to kill his father? In addition, how do we know that a girl has penis envy? Do we ask them or is this something that happens naturally?
From what I understand is that we all develop differently and we all carry different personally traits. What is important to understand is that Freud’s theory of psychosexual development brought a great understanding of human behavior. In my opinion, there are other forces that causes us to be fixated at a particular stage because where do we put a child who was raped, who has a disability, or who was abandoned? Freud’s theory does not answer these questions because in my opinion I am fixated on all stage how then do I fix them. Freud’s theory does not even explain how to fix them. Thus, this means that we are all fixated at some stage the problem is which stage.
I believe that parents and the society play an important role in the development of our personality because parents care for us from birth while society implements the rules and norms. Using Freud’s theory is quite complicated because Freud does not theorize how someone develops growing up with an abusive parent or even a single parent family.
I agree with the last paragraph, I 100% agree that parents and society play a major role in a child's development. There are cases where with what society deems great and encouraging parents, the child grows up the not be as productive as society expects. I guess this in itself can be another case to study.
DeleteAfter watching the video of Sigmund Frued's 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development, I find it inappropriate for him to use 'sexual', especially for the infants. I still cannot understand how is it that all humans have 'instinctual libido' from birth because babies are innocent and for me it is wrong. Overall, I feel as though I am still 'stuck' in some of the stages.In his first stage of development, which is the Oral Stage, he stated that the pleasure point is the mouth and that too much satisfaction causes smoking, biting nails and overeating. This suggests that I am orally fixated because I am a constant nail biter. Also, in the Anal Stage, he stated that the anus is the pleasure point and that too much satisfaction causes obsession with order and too little causes disorganization. From this stage, I am confused because I am someone who organizes my house, but yet I am disorganized in life because when I started studying, I changed programs three times. In the Phallic stage, which focuses on the Oedipus Complex and Electra Complex, the boys envy their father for their mother and the girls desire to be with their father, I believe this is true because my four year old daughter loves to be around her father and pushes me away. However, in the Latency Stage age 6 to puberty, I totally disagree with Freud because I believe that when girls and boys are seven or eight, they enjoy talking about the opposite sex. In the Genital Stage, Freud states that the sexual drive awakens but I have to question about homosexuality. What stage did they fail to fully accomplish or were they just born that way? Overall, Freud's theory is just a theory with no scientific proof. Did he ever consider other cultures when he wrote this theory? All cultures are different and I believe that Freud was mostly basing his theory on his life experience.
ReplyDeleteSigmund Freud's psychosexual development seems to be quite interested, however i believe that his thinking was a little too exaggerated. Freud's theory consist of five stages 1 the oral stage which is from birth to 6 years. he says that everything occurs in the mouth . Everything the child gets their hands on will go into their mouth. He says if the child is not properly trained then they will later in life smoke or drink. I don't believe that because children receive the best of learning principles and still ends up with bad habits. In stage two which is from 15 months to three years, the children starts potty training this helps the child to be cleaned. I agree because when you impose discipline that child will grow up being a cleanly person who will always wants thing in order. Stage three is from 3 to 6 years. This is where the child will learn who they really are if they are boy or girl. Jealousy takes place between parents from opposite sex. I don't call that jealous I simply think that the child has more attention coming from the parents with the opposite sex. I think our body is designed that way. Stage four which is from 6 to puberty is called the latency stage because nothing really takes place here. He says the children are more into socialization but I don't think so now the children are into sex relationships at a young age. And finally, the genital stage which is after puberty. this is the real time to engage in sexual activity because your sex drive is popping out. I don't think his their is all that bad when you look at it. I think he needed to loosen a bit. but in truth,
ReplyDeletei don't think that if a child does't go through one of the stages completely that it should have an effect on them.
I agree with you Catherine that it shouldn't affect a child if he/she doesn't successfully complete a stage. Because my mom said that one of my siblings didn't actually complete the anal stage in the time frame said by Freud but in time she grew into it and learned to control her bladder and bowel movements. She said that she wasn't demanding in no way with here to learn but, now as an adult with a child, she is the most organized human being I know. So, not completing a stage definitely does not have an effect on them.
DeleteI agree with you in stage three whereby you said u don't call it jealousy. Its just that the child attracted to the opposite sex. When I was younger I was more attracted to my dad. Because he gave me stuff and I my mom wasn't like that with me.
DeleteFreud's Stages of Psychosexual Development, a brief description of what was said in the video begins with the explanation of why his theories exist which is basically because everyone is born with an instinctual libido, which means a sex drive, that infants have a sex drive and that from birth we do all have a sex drive that it is key to develop personality. The first stage according to Freud, the oral stage, is that the babies will grow up with a specific personality which is resist growing up if this stage isn’t reinforced properly and that if to reinforced they would grow up being manipulative of others. Secondly, the anal stage, which is when the child learns toilet training. So when the child is too pressured about toilet training, then the child is going to be obsessed about order, or vice versa then the child is going to be a mess, not neat etc. Thirdly, during the phallic stage is where kids learn about their bodies and that boys want to kill their fathers and girls want to kill their mothers due to a sex drive. Getting through this stage properly will help you develop a strong sense of super ego. Fourthly Latency stage, where kids aren’t obsess with their bodies and if any other of the previous stage went wrong then here is where the characteristic begins to stick. Lastly, Genital stage is where the child becomes independent of the parents, as well as the ego ad super egos are fully developed. Freud theories are very interesting, as you can tell Freud was much interested in sexuality hence majority of his theories and how he explained them had to deal with sex, so couldn’t this be a influencing factor that maybe he wrote something or felt that this is true just because he was very much interested in it?, conflict of interest. We must take into consideration that none of this is true proven and this is just his theories, and some of us can see that he has explained some things that we can relate to meaning fall into or see our self-doing the same thing and some that just doesn’t make sense. It makes me wonder if during these stages my parents did go wrong and would I try to fix them with my own childrens, Mr. Freud theories gives me a lot to ponder on
ReplyDeleteBased on my observation from watching the video from Sigmund Freud, the video basically focused on Freud theory of psychosexual development on how personalities are being develop during childhood. The video illustrated five important stages of development which includes: Stage 1: The oral stage- and just to elaborate on the oral stage to my knowledge this stage of development focus on babies from birth to one year old, Freud thought that in this early stage that is where babies learn the principle of delayed gratification. Normally people who gets stuck at this stage are called having "Oral Fixation" Freud believed that these people would then result in smoking and eating too much. Stage 2: Anal Stage- This stage occurs from 15 months - 3 years and focus primarily on the key experience on toilet training which contains the development of delayed gratification where as a child Ego starts to develop. Freud main theory in the anal stages was that parents were trying to teach their child on how to be clean for their Ego to build up properly. He also stated that parents that are too demanding, kids will grow up really abesse with others and result in one being colored coordinated and Freud thought of it that parents did not toilet trained them properly and were in fact too demanding. Stage 3: Phallic Stage- This happens in the age of 3-6 years old. According to Freud he strongly believed in this stage that is where children starts becoming aware of their bodies and start learning the difference between being a girl and a boy. He had this phallic of having a penise or the absence of a penise. Freud theory in this stage also spoke about the famous "Oedipus Complex" which comes in to play of kids now realizing their gender, hence the reason Freud thought during this stage boys become really jealous of their father because the father can have sex with their mother and so the child simultaneously want to have sex with their mother, and for the girls its just the opposite theory called the "Electra Complex" Freud thought girls would want to have sex with their fathers and get rid of their mothers, but Freud strongly believed that this was in fact natural during this stage and not a disorder of feelings of desires that would then help i the development of a child Super Ego in making decessions based on what is right or wrong. Stage 4: Latency- I must agree with Freud with his theory on the Latency stage because I found out in the age group of 6 years - puberty children mostly focus in making friends and what they did at school today, not being obesses with their bodies. Freud made it clear during this stage it is more likely that the characteristics during childhood can impact the Latency stage in the sense of a child personalities. Stage 5: Genital Stage- Freud theory on the Genital stage in which I found out for myself is true based on my experience with my son is that Freud thought that in this stage kids become independent from their parents. In this stage the Ego and the Super Ego are fully developed and focus on the term used by Sigmund Freud "Libido" whereby the Libido is a sexual drive in kids wanting to have sex with someone and during the Latency stage it influence the Genital stage on your personality and how you will become. To conclude I must say that based on Freud theory of psychosexual development he found out that he had an influence on how psychologist thought about things and that these stages of development are important to understand. In my outmost opinion Freud had an interest in sexuality and how these stages of development can impact on human beings.
ReplyDeleteAfter watching Freud psycho sexual development video. Some of his beliefs I don’t really agree with, especially the part which said that infants already develop sex drive from birth to two years old. How could an infant develop sex drive if he/she is just a baby who mind is not fully developed? Also he said that our personality is develop through sex drive which I find kind a questionable. In the video the five stages which he believes all human beings face in some point of time in their life. Oral stage is the first stage in his theory whereby he believes babies put everything in their mouth. He though if parents did not enforce this stage, the child may resist growing up. If the parents did not indulge this stage, the child may become manipulative. Anal stage is the second stage whereby the babies’ key experience is toilet training which I believe we all go through this stage. But he said if parents will try teaching the child to be clean. If the parents are too demanding, then the child will become obsessed with order. If the parents are not demanding then the child will be very messy. I don’t really believe that because demanding a child will make him/her scared and not demanding he/she will make the child do as they please. I believe we should not pressure nor punish kids about being clean or messy at that age range. Some point of time the kids will get a better understanding and then parents could teach them to be clean and not messy. Phallic stage is the third stage human beings go through whereby kids become aware of their body. They understand the different between boys and girls. Yes! They do have boys who jealous their father because I saw it happen already. Also do the girls they jealous their dad because I remember I face this stage, whereby I stick beside my dad, sleep between my dad and mom. But I think it’s because my dad does gave me everything I asked for. Latency is the fourth stage whereby nothing really happen in this stage. In this stage kids just want to make friends and attend school more frequent, but during puberty they feeling develop. Genital is the fifth stage which is after puberty kids do become independent from their parents. I agree they sex drive develop and so do they ego and super ego are full develop. Freud has a lot of influence about sexuality. I don’t really agree with his belief which is that if someone doesn't go through these stages they will have an effect on him or her. Some point of time we face a stage, but not all the stages. I believe it’s how our parents raise us; also the way we curve out is how we carry ourselves as human beings. His theory is very interested but some of his beliefs make our mind wonder.
ReplyDeleteI agree with you Anna that his theory is very interested but some parts of them makes our mind wonder. We both agree on the part of infants having a sex drive.
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ReplyDeleteFor approximately thirty years, I piteously watch my younger brother bite his fingernails, until they are red and sore, and always ponder what could be stressing him. Is he suffering from an anxiety and panic disorder or is it just a bad habit? Will he eventually grow out of the unhealthy habit or can he receive treatment to quit?
ReplyDeleteThirty years later, after reading and carefully listening to a vivid explanation of Sigmund Freud five (5) stages of psychosexual development; I immediately concluded that my brother’s behavior is a result of not receiving the accurate amount of sexual gratification via sucking, weaning, at the most fundamental stage of his development, the oral stage which takes place from birth to 18 months. If he was gratified at this stage, he would have certainly developed healthy personality rather than always smoking like a chimney and drinking like a fish. Freud’s first stage of psychosexual development clearly answers the question, why he is always dependent on others and why my elder brother is always so aggressive.
As I lay quietly in my chair, answers to many other unanswered questions come to mind. Probably as a child, I was pressured to swiftly potty train. Hence, the reason, I am so obsessed with cleanliness and always want to be in control. Probably, they are so many unhealthy relationships because many did not go through each stage successfully.
Freud’s Phallic stage, ages three to six, assisted me to better comprehend that my four year old daughter does not favor her dad over me but that she is now aware of her gender and the realization that girls have vagina and boys have penis. It is obvious, that she is jealous and hostile towards me because of the attention I receive from her dad. At times she would say, “If you like my dad, I will have no dad.” At this stage, she has an unconscious sexual attraction towards her dad. She desires him and do not want him to touch or hug any female. If bonding with her father is successful, at this stage, then as per Freud, she will have a healthy and successful relationship with the opposite sex at the Genital stage, which is puberty on.
In conclusion, I believe most of Freud’s theory but they are still questionable. I do not thoroughly understand how a child/infant can have a libido but I do believe that personality is not genetic. It is not inherited but rather develops through stages. Through feelings experienced at an early age. I just do not want to think about sexual feelings at an early age.
Some may consider Freud's stages of Psychosexual Development to be ridiculous or insanely impossible. Some may believe that a child (especially infants) cannot be associated with sexuality. They may believe that a child's sexual development has no bearing on that child's emotional, social, cognitive and personality development. Freud, however believes that his different stages of psychosexual development are linked to the set of characteristics and traits that an adult portrays.
ReplyDeleteFreud relates that if a child does not successfully complete any of the five stages then that child is crippled in his/her development as a balanced adult. The unbalanced behavior according to Freud is because the unsuccessful accomplishment of any stage causes an anxiety or trauma in the child. Freud also tells that a persons Id, Ego and Superego being our impulsiveness, sense of self and consciousness respectively will continuously be at war with each other if we do not become balanced adults.
Whether Freud is completely right or not in his theory is not my decision to make. That onus is left to the reader to decipher for him/herself. Personally, I think there are some aspects of Freud's theory that I can relate to both as a mother and a teacher because I work with and observe children on a daily basis. But is his theory written in stone for me? Of course not it is merely a single idea/pathway into better understanding the many mysteries of what makes us who we are.
Freud's Psycho-sexual Stages of Development:
ReplyDeleteFreud's theory of psycho-sexual development describes how personality develops during childhood. He believed that personality develops through a series of childhood stages in which the "pleasure-seeking" energies of the "Id" becomes focused on certain organs of the body. He fixed his theory basically on five stages that all ties in with an "Instinctual Libido" which basically means a "sex drive". These five stages are: 1. The Oral Stage, 2. The Anal Stage, 3. The Phallic Stage, 4. The Latency Stage and 5. The Genital Stage. In the Oral Stage which is from birth - two years, the child is "Id Driven" and the primary source of interaction occurs through the mouth. He states that in this stage if it is not enforced properly, the child would refuse growing up and will eventually grow up to be a manipulative individual. Oral Fixation can also occur and there will be eating disorders, smoking etc. In the second stage, which is the Anal stage; this is from 15 months- 3 years, the primary focus of the libido is controlling the bladder and bowel movements. Toilet training will occur here and developing this control leads to a sense of accomplishment and independence. Here, the parent's attitude also come in to play whereby, if the parent is too demanding the child will then grow in to a "neat freak" as some will say and be obsessed with organization etc. and if the parent is not demanding on a whole then the child will become too relaxed and become a "total mess". Accomplishment of this stage develops an "Ego". Then comes the Phallic Stage, from 3 years- 6 years. Here awareness of the different body parts(genitals) comes into play. The "Oedipus Complex" (boys) and the "Electra Complex" (girls) also work in. The boys becomes jealous of their father and in some sense wants to murder their father in order to be with the mother and vice versa with the girls. Working through this stage successfully helps them to then develop a "Super Ego". The fourth stage which occurs from age 6- puberty is the Latency Stage. In this stage, the development of the ego and super ego contribute to a period of calm. Here they become more concerned with peer relationships, hobbies and other interests. They are not so concerned with their bodies. Also, is anything went wrong in any of the previous stages then the characteristics begins to stick with that child and develops as a personality. Finally, the Genital which occurs from puberty- death is where the child becomes fully developed with the Ego and Superego. They also develop a strong sexual interest in the opposite sex and if the other stages were successfully completed then the individual will become well- balanced, warm and caring.
Freud's theories are very interesting, as anyone can see that he was very much interested in a way that he was a bit obsessed with sexuality. Also what caught my attention is that none of it scientifically proven to be true and that it is just his theories probably relating to experiences he had etc. But, however in some stages he does have a strong point which makes me think a bit about my actions, my peer's actions and also my family member's actions. Because I believe in a certain extend that everyone has a different personality, of their own, and it is not something genetic but rather developed through stages or in somewhat way. But as mentioned before, it is not Scientifically proven!
After viewing the video, Freud theory is just what it is, a theory! In fact it was largely discredited. Nevertheless, his theory does makes a lot of sense in the way that we have grown and developed. We all have developed through these stages and seem to have gotten delayed in either one or several of them. His theory states that we humans develop through 5 stages and our personality was developed based on sex. these theories were also based on thee ID, ego and super ego in which all three could help us develop healthy. He believes that the moment we are born, we are sex driven and these develop through different stages and body parts.
ReplyDeletethe first of these stages is the oral stage from birth to about 2 years where everything for the child is based on the gratification of the mouth and they tend to put everything in the mouth such as breast feeding. He believes that if the stage is not enforced, the child will grow up to be manipulative and as adults will have an oral fixation such as smoking cigarettes or eating too much. His other stage is the anal stage that a child goes through at 15 months to age 3. in this stage, the child starts to develop a reaction to reality and they are taught to be clean such as toilet training. However, if parents are too demanding at this stage, the child will grow up to be obsessed with the need to have thing in order such as color coding their clothes or frequently cleaning ( anal compulsive) or the reverse can occur if the parents were not demanding, the child can grow up to be messy and are said to be anal impulsive.
At stage three from 3 to 6 years, the child goes through the phallic stage where they become more aware of their bodies such as identifying boy from girl and the boys developing Oedipus complex where they love their mother and wants to kill their father and the girl develops the Electra complex which is the opposite of the boys. The fourth stage is the latency stage from age 6 to puberty where nothing sexually is happening. The child basically starts making friends. however, at this stage if any of the other stages before the latency stage was not developed properly they now start to become a part of the child's personality. The last stage is the genital stage where the focus is on adult sex and the ego and super ego should be fully developed. Freud's theory has given me extra knowledge as to why people behave in certain manner that we cannot understand such as being a clean freak.
According to Sigmund Freud human beings personality develops according to his theory of psychosexual stages. The psychosexual stages are interrelated to a child libido (sex drive). They are five stages Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital. During these stages, children will become fixated if parents are too kind or too strict.
ReplyDeleteIn the oral stage between birth to age two, infants wants satisfaction by mouth. Thus putting objects in the mouth including a Brest, bottle or toys. He claims if parents were extremely generous in giving children everything they need and want the child will become fixated. As a result, the child will grow up with bad habits involving the mouth such as smoking. I do not agree with him because bad habits such as smoking or biting nails are done one for different reason. For example, smoking is a part of the Chinese culture. In addition, other habits are learned by imitating others. The Anal stage where he mentions potty training in regards to children growing up being organized or disorganized, depending on how strict a parent was does not make any sense to me. I honestly cannot remember how I was trained to use the restroom. My mother died when I was eleven and now I am 23years old and I do not remember her. I simply cannot go back when I was two or three years of age. Memory fades overtime. What about children that are orphans or disabled? How will they test this anal stage? Some people learned how to be organized that is a part of being mature. Teachers and parents teach children how to become organized. The most crucial is the Phallic stage that is when a child is attracted to the parent of the opposite sex. The boys are madly in love with their moms making them wanting to kill their father (Oedipus complex). I am experiencing similar reaction from my son who is four old, however he admits he love his father and love spending time with my husband. I do not believe it is my son’s libido that makes him jealous. He just does not want to feel left out thus there should be no private time between me and his father. On the Latency stage, I will agree children are into school and making friends. In the Genital stage, attention is given to the genital areas. Well, I do not have much to say about this stage since I do not agree that my personality is based on sexuality.
I strongly believe that my personality developed at an early age based on my parents’ morals, values and example set. However, it can change over time based on the type of environment in regards to my associates.
Psychologist Sigmund Freud developed 5 stages called the Psychosexual Development Stages based mainly on one’s sexuality and personality. He briefly indicated that with the successfully development of each stage, creates a balance and healthy personality. In his first stage which is the Oral stage, from birth to 2 years of age babies tend to satisfy them self by putting object or anything into their mouth. If a child doesn’t successfully complete this stage he stated that they will obtain some sort of “oral fixation” which will affect their personality. The second stage that was anal stage, this is the point whereby toddlers from 15 months to 3 years are toilet trained. The unsuccessful development of this stage develops either a demanding obsessive personality or a messy one. The third stage is the phallic development stage which is the point whereby a child can differentiate between the opposite sexes. He indicates at this specific stage that a boy has rivals against his father and sexual attractions (Oedipus complex) toward his mother, which I don’t agree with since it is not a scientific proven fact. He also included that young girls are attracted sexual to the father and that these were more feelings than actions. In the fourth stage that was created which is the latency stage from 6 years to puberty he noted that it was a quiet stage compared to the others, and if they were affected in the early stages that would show at this time. Lastly the Genital stage which comes fifth is the stage in whereby a person supposed to have developed a balance personality with developed ego and Super ego. Freud’s theory was based on his own case studies and not on proven scientific facts so it leaves me in a concern and questionable position to belief whether or not his theories are accurate.
ReplyDeleteI found Freud’s stages of psychosexual development of young children to be very interested. His theory was not proven but it is evident therefore, some people would believe his theory because some of the stages he spoke of are very much evident in young children or have been experienced at some point, while others would beg to differ. However, I believe that in most cases personalities in young children are developed through learnt behaviours. I found stages one and three, the oral and the phallic stages to be the most interesting stages since I can relate to them. I look at the oral stage as a discovery point for most infant since whatever they get a hold of goes straight into their mouth and since this is one of the sense organs, they may after a while develop an idea of what it is they have. For the phallic stage as ridiculous as the theory sounds a part of me would like to believe it since I have a son within this same age range and I have observed some of the same behavior Freud speaks of. Yes they can develop jealous feelings without them knowing what it is but to think of a child wanting to kill his/her parent, come on! For some of the other stages, I can say that yes as a teacher working with and observing children on a daily basis patterns are visible. If for say Freud’s theory is true and that if we successfully complete all stages we become balanced adults and if we are not successful in one of the stages we become unbalanced as adult then we will all be able to judge people based on their patterns and behavior as to where they went wrong in life.
ReplyDeleteFreud's theory/stages of psychosexual development is something very interesting to read. He came up wit five different stages that a child goes thru while growing up, and these are 1. the oral stage 2. the anal stage 3. the phallic stage 4. the latent period and 5. the d genital stage. However as some of these stages sounds crazy I can surely relate to couple of them, for example I have a son and whenever his dad and I will just be alone talking he would then get into this kind of mood with both of us and get mad and don't want to talk to either one of us, as if though we're not to be alone and don't have him included between us. So reading up on all this makes me have a better a view of certain things that's happening in around my surroundings and how to deal with it all to a certain extent. During the different stages children will have to adapt and adjust to their parents, some being too kind and nice to them and some being very strict. If some parents do everything for their child, he or she will then become accustomed to all that and don't want to do anything on their own. I just think its good to have a different view and different perspective from other people and as they say each day you learn something new. you live and you learn.
ReplyDeletePsychosexual development is very important during childhood development. During this stage children are developing emotionally, psychological and biological. These changes will usually occur between childhood and adolescent. There are five stage in psychosexual development which are oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital stage. As the child starts growing there are stages that they have to go through and if these stages are not successfully completed fixation can occur meaning they will get stuck on that stage. Hence, I believe that it crucial for me to be aware of these stages so that I can guide students throughout their development.
DeleteFreud theory mentions that children have some needs that they have to meet in order to feel satisfied. When I think about children satisfaction I think that they need to be feed when they are hungry meaning that at this specific period they will cry in order to call the attention from parents. This is the stage where as a parent I need to show affection to my child and feed him/her. Nevertheless I have seen circumstances where children like to chew on various item like paper, pencil or plastic caps to satisfied their inner being. All of the stages are very important in a child life because if they get stuck it has an impact on their life either negative or positive. Hence, I don’t agree on the point where Freud mentions that children sex drive get satisfied by sucking.
To me his theory are very notorious due that all the stages have to do with self satisfaction. Nevertheless, some of his points are very strong to contradict. For example, he mentions that at 18 months to three years, children are being potty trained and it is true in real life. According to Freud parents need to be careful on teaching their children. Therefore, as a parent I should be careful on how I teach my children. Sometimes, I feel that I am too lenient on my children in one way or another and this can have an impact on their lives. At this stage it is said that if parents are being too strict children can develop into an anal explosive which they can become irresponsible and disorganized.
The development of a child is very unique because all of the children have different personalities that allow them to express themselves in various way and voice their opinions. It is obvious that some of them grow to be outspoken compared to other who are quite. I believe children development has to do a lot on how children behave when they are fully grown. I am that kind of a person that show love and respect to children. Sometimes being a parent and a teacher is not an easy job because children usually follow our example. Children at this stage like to be hugged and kissed and feel that they are being loved either by their mother or father. At this stage, I don’t think that they considered any of their parents a rival and start feeling any kind of anxiety. Children at these stages are more into playing and exploring their environment and learning from touching and seeing. This is a stage where they are more exposed to the world and surrounding and they are trying to discover it by themselves. Children at this time are in school socializing and make friends. Nevertheless, as children grow they pass through the stage of puberty. Later on they become attracted to the opposite sex which is the final stage.
From Freud’s Psychosexual Theory, I have realized that human beings have to pass to through various stages in order to learn. This is like passing from one grade to another and we cannot move to higher grade if we did not complete the previous grade successfully. Hence, I believe that it is important to become familiar with the various stages of children’s development so that we can effectively guide them to become productive and successful members of our society.
References
The Development of Personality
ReplyDelete. They video on Freud’s Psychosexual Development was quite inspiring. This made me reflect on my own as a child growing up. Freud taught me that personality develops in a series of psychosexual stages in which sexual energy takes different forms as a child matures. He also stated that an adult’s personality is based on how he was shaped as a child. This is in fact true as a child’s behavior will reflect on the type of person he will be as an adult. He also discussed the five stages of psychosexuality which include: Oral Stage, Anal Stage, Phallic Stage, Latency Stage, and Genital Stage.
The Oral Stage is basically when a child focuses on oral pleasures namely sucking. According to Freud, if this habit continues, as an adult he may have a tendency to drink alcohol, bite his nails and overeating. Also they may become dependent on other people and won’t want to do things on their own.
Secondly, is the Anal Stage (15 months-3 Yrs.) whereby a child’s focus is on eliminating and retaining feces. A child may become highly obsessive with cleanliness and perfection or on the other hand, may be obsessed with becoming messy without any order. Children are different and Freud also stated that they can become fixated at this stage so it could affect them later on as adults.
Thirdly, is the Phallic Stage (ages 3-6) which was the most outreaching topic of all . Freud stated that during this stage, a boy develops unconscious sexual desires for their mother. Children become aware of their bodies whether they are a boy or a girl. Fourthly, is the Latency Stage (6 yrs.-Puberty) which is when a child interacts and socializes with children his age. At this stage, they tend to form crews or cliques. They will be seen playing around in the yard or doing other activities together.
Lastly, is the Genital Stage (puberty on) kids become independent. Their ego and superego are fully developed.
When you compare Erickson to Freud, i think Erickson is a little smarter
DeleteErickson's Psycho-social stages of Development:
ReplyDeleteErickson stated that personality develops throughout the lifespan and an individual develops a personality through 8 different stages with 3 major elements. The major elements are: 1. The Ego Identity, 2. The Ego Strength and 3. The Conflict. The Ego Identity is developed by human interactions and how an individual becomes more conscious of themselves and their surroundings. The Ego Strength deals with individuals becoming more competent in life. Then Erickson states that everyone deals with conflicts in life which causes a turning point in their development. The 8 stages Erickson states an individual completes throughout their lifespan are: Infancy, Early Childhood, Preschool, School Age, Adolescence, Young Adulthood, Middle Adulthood and Maturity. Stage 1 Infancy, from birth to 18 months, simply deals with "Trust Vs. Mistrust". In this stage children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care and affection. And a lack of this will lead to mistrust. In the second stage 2 to 3 years, which is Early Childhood, "Autonomy Vs. Shame & Doubt" takes place here. Here is where children develops a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence. Parents should provide patience and be encouraging in this stage so that the child becomes successful which leads to feelings of autonomy and not failure that results in feelings of shame and doubt. From age 3 to 5 years is the third stage which is Preschool and is also called the "play age", deals with Initiative Vs. Guilt. In this stage children begins to mimic what they see and begins asserting control and power over the environment. They also learn morality in this stage and begin to take punishment for their wrong doings. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose and children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval, resulting in a sense of guilt. The fourth stage is called School Age and this stage deals with Industry Vs. Inferiority. Now, children need to cope with new demands, both socially and academically. They are also highly influenced by their peers and their teachers at this age. Success in this stage leads to a sense of competence and failure results in feelings of inferiority. Adolescence, age 12 to 18 years, is the fifth stage. This stage majors in Identity Vs. Role Confusion. They are currently going through puberty and they begin to determine their identity at this age. Success lead to an ability to stay true to yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and weak sense of oneself. The sixth stage, age 19 to 40 years, is Young Adulthood. Intimacy Vs. Isolation is they key point here. Young adults needs to form intimate loving relationships with other people. They focus on starting families etc. which will lead to complete success. Failure to do so results in loneliness and isolation. Middle Adulthood, age 40 to 65 years, is the seventh stage. This stage involves Generality Vs. Stagnation. Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a positive that benefits other people. They focus on the importance of their work and their children. Here, success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment, while failure results in shallow involvement in the world. Lastly, Maturity, age 65 to death, deals with Ego Integrity Vs. despair, is the last stage. Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. A complete reflection on life shall occur here. Success at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness and despair.
I personally like Erickson's theory way better than Freud's theory, even though they are similar in some ways. I still believe that Erickson is more realistic in ways better than Freud. Erickson said, even if an individual didn't successfully complete a stage, there's always ways for improvement and ways to redeem yourself, unlike Freud.
I like his theory too.. we can relate to it..
DeleteSigmund Freud was a psychologist, who came up with the controversial theory of psychosexual development. According to Sigmund Freud the personality traits or behaviours that are portrayed or displayed during adulthood is a result of successful or unsuccessful completion of these stages. According to Sigmund Freud, if an individual successfully passes through these stages without any conflict or interference then the result is a healthy individual. Whereas if an individual come across a conflict or interference then the result is an unhealthy individual. Sigmund Freud theorized that throughout each of these stages, the individual seek pleasure by satisfying a certain erogenous zone in our body. According to Freud, the individual's libido or id is the driving force responsible for the individual's drive of seeking sexual gratification. There are five stages: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital. The oral stage occurs from birth to one year of age. During the oral stage, the individual seek to satisfy oral pleasures. This is done either by sucking bottles or breastfeeding. Too much or too little oral gratification may result in an individual developing habits such as overeating, smoking or biting of fingernails. In terms of personality, the individual might become too dependent on others. The next stage is the anal stage. This occurs between the age of 1 year and three years of age. During this stage the child seek pleasure by retaining or expelling bladder and bowel movement. Too much pressure from the child's parents to be toilet trained might result in a clean, orderly and organized individual. Too little pressure to be toilet trained might result in a messy or disorganized individual. The third stage is the phallic stage. This stage last from three years of age to about six years of age. The child is becoming aware of differences in sex between a boy and a girl. During this stage the child develops a sexual attraction toward the parent of the opposite sex. It became known as Oedipus Complex if it is a boy and Electra Complex if it is a girl. According to Freud if a child becomes fixated or deprived in this stage he or she might develop issues of sexual indulgences , avoidance or sexual identity confusion. The fourth stage is the Latency stage. During this stage the id's energy is suppressed and the superego is developed, which allow the child to become aware of society. The last stage is the genital stage. During this stage the genitals seek to find pleasure because of the onset of puberty.
ReplyDeleteSigmund Freud's Theory of psychosexual development is very impressive. There might be some facts or truth behind his studies. However, there is no scientific evidence to prove or disprove his theory. Personally, I believe that Sigmund Freud gave us a full description of his life and what he went through. Considering his background, I believe that Freud was somewhat a disturbed individual himself. In terms of the phallic stage, I have a five year old daughter, who seems to get highly jealous when I make contact with her father, but I do not think it is sexually driven. I simply believe she becomes jealous because she wants the attention and affection. I believe that theories ( psycho ) are highly subjective and base on one's own encounter with life. Sigmund Freud's theory on psychosexual development must not be taken as gospel.
Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development.
ReplyDeleteFreud's believe that personality type develop through stages that have to do with one's sexuality. He says that Infant from birth have a sexual libido (instinct) that lead to developing personality. He believes that people goes through five stages of life from Infant to Adulthood. These stages are: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital Stages.
Some of Freud's stages are evident to many people lives including mine. In his first stage oral stage, birth to to two years, baby chew on things, their pleasure is sucking things. In this stage if the psychosexual stages are successful, the child will grow up with a healthy personality, if not oral fixation can occur.
Stage two: Anal Stage, 18 months to 3 years, focus on pleasure is eliminated and retaining feces (potty training) is evident. Control anal stimulation, and obsessed with cleanliness perfection and control (anal retentive) is occurred.
Stage three: Phallic stage , three to six years, At this stage the ego start to develop having to interact with reality. In this stage sensitivity now becomes concentrated in the genital areas and masturbation occur in both sexes. It becomes a new source of pleasure. I this stage boys develop unconscious sexual desires for their mother, and become rival with father which is called Oedipus Complex, and on the other hand girls to their father which is called Electra Complex. I have a daughter and from she was small she was attached to her father more than me, he had a tendency of spoiling her. If she wants anything she will asked her father.
Stage four: Latency Stage, five or six to puberty, At this stage the libido is dormant, and focuses is elsewhere, towards school work, hobbies and friendship. Children play with friends and not obsessed with other body parts. Once the child does not comes in terms with Oedipus and Electra Complex properly, developmental issues become more solidified into their personality traits.
Stage Five: Genital Satage, puberty to adult, The ego and superego are fully developed. This is how you are going to e, your personality. It is a time which is settling down in a loving relationship. Reading Freud's stages it was very interesting, but I often wonder what if a person does not complete some of the stages successfully. How do you go about fixing that problem in your life? Or you just go on with your life?
Erik Erikson was a psychologist, who developed the theory of psychosocial development . He emphasized the importance or role of culture and society on the shaping or development of an individual's personality. Highly influenced by Sigmund Freud, Erikson strongly believe in the element of the ego. Unlike Sigmund Freud, who strongly believe that the id or the sex drive develops one personality traits, Erikson believe that society or social interactions determines an individual's character. According to Erik Erikson, the ego or self develops as it successfully resolve the crisis manifested at each stage of development. Unlike Sigmund Freud, Erikson believe that if a crisis was not resolved during one of the stages, it can always be resolved at another time during the individual's lifespan. The eight stages are: Trust vs. mistrust, Autonomy vs shame, Initiative vs guilt, Industry vs inferiority, Ego identity vs role confusion, Intimacy vs. isolation, Generativity vs stagnation, and Ego integrity vs despair. These stages could further be classified as Infancy, Early Childhood, Play age, School Age, Adolescence, Young Adult, Adulthood and Maturity.
ReplyDeleteThe Infancy stage begins from birth to eighteen months. The basic conflict in this stage is between trust and mistrust. Children develop a sense of trust when their needs are met ( food, love, shelter, clothing. affection etc. ) A lack of this will lead to mistrust. The next stage is Early Childhood ( 2- 3 years of age ). During this stage the conflict is between autonomy and shame and doubt. Children need to develop a sense of personal control and a sense of independence. Success leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt. The third stage is Preschool ( three - five years of age ). The conflict during this stage is between initiatives and guilt.Children start to assert control over their environment. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose. Children who exercise too much power experience disapproval. The result is shame and doubt. School age occurs during the age of 6 -11. The crisis is between meeting school demands and developing a sense of competence.. Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority. Adolescence begins from age 12 to 18 years. The conflict is between identity of self and role confusion. Teenagers need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to oneself. Failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self. Young Adulthood begins from 19 to 40 years of age. The crisis is between forming intimate relationships and isolation. Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationship with other people. Success leads to strong relationships, while failure leads to loneliness and isolation. Middle Adulthood is the next stage, which lasts from age forty to sixty five. Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a positive change. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment. Failure results in meaningless involvement in the world. The last stage is maturity or death. Adults reflect on their life. Success at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure represents regret and bitterness.
I can personally relate to Erik Erikson theory of psychosocial development. I believe his theory is more realistic. Society and the people we interact with plays a hug role in determining our personality traits. Parents and society seems to have a larger grip on the persons we become. One aspect of Erik Erikson theory that I find uplifting or plausible is the fact that he offers hope. According to Erikson, failure in one stage does not mean the end for the individual.
True Definitely More Realistic !!!!
DeleteErickson's Psychosocial Theory of human Developments explain the different aspects of how human develop social through different encounters. The three main points that applies to his theory is the Ego Identity, Ego Strengths and conflict. The video discusses the stages as follows the Trust vs Mistrust that start from birth to 1 1/2 wear where a child is completely dependent on the parents to fulfill their needs. Then The next stage is Autonomy vs. shame when a child learns independence and at this stay can be critical as they learn to develop confidence as well. Next is the Initiative vs, Guilt when the child start to mimic and learn morality the come the industry vs inferiority at this stage is "classified as entrance into the world" as the will now be in a bigger social circle. next Identity vs. Role confusion where identity is form and we then to develop our own habits. Then comes Intimacy vs Isolation one may start a family at this stage. Generality vs Self Absorption basically deal with parenting and having stability then comes Integrity vs Despair when we look at or life and see maybe what we could have done differently. As i look at Erickson's Stages of development i see that we learn at each stages of life and that is what contribute to the shaping of our personality some may learn earlier than other while others not so much but with my encounters in life i have learn to take better approaches as a go about my life, and at the end of the day life is what it is and we just have to deal with it.
ReplyDeleteI like Erickson's theory it is clearly defined and most of it is true.
DeleteErikson’s psychosocial development theory basically had to do with a series of stages an individual goes through in a lifetime along with their experiences. He identified three main elements which one was the Ego identity which deals with becoming aware of yourself and the environment. Two the Ego strength each enable a person to become competence in different stages in life. And lastly he added Conflict in which he said that everyone has to face to allow them to either grow or fail in a specific stage. The first stage that was created was Trust vs. Mistrust from birth to 1 and ½ years old. In this stage a baby deeply depends on the comfort and nature of a parent/guardian. Stage two deals with Autonomy vs. Shame, and during this stage a child learns and tries to become independent by trying to do things on their own. In Erikson’s third stage Initiative vs. Guilt, he includes a child is at their most playful point. It is the stage whereby children learns right from wrong and interact along with peers more. Next the fourth stage Industry vs. Inferiority entails when a lot of time is spent at school and with peers and less around the guardian and is whereby children becomes more independent. The fifth stage of Erikson’s theory Identity role vs. Role confusion is the start of finding yourself of sense. This is a very isolated stage which includes a teen going through puberty. The sixth stage consists of an individual eager to start a family and managing a career, this called the Intimacy vs. Isolation stage. From the ages 35 to 55 he covers the stage Generality vs. Self- absorb which looked at an individual focus on their jobs and their children. Lastly the stage Integrity vs. despair is where the adult looks back on his or her life and their experiences. Psychologist Erik Erikson's theory has a lot to deal with a person developing a certain identity and is very convincing since I can relate his theory to my life today.
ReplyDeleteI think that persons of age ranges in Erickson's stages can definitely relate to his theory. it makes sense indeed and I know that we can all relate to it..
DeleteErik Erickson is a social analysis who came up with his own psychosocial stages of development. Erikson first stage is the Infancy which is from birth to 18 months. At this stage a child develops trust vs. mistrust. He believes that a child develop a sense of trust when the caregivers provide reliability, care and affection for him/her. If a child is lack these he develops mistrust. The second stage is Early Childhood 2 to3 years. Children need to develop personal control over physical skills. Toilet Training. Success at this stage leads to feeling of autonomy failure results in feelings of shame and doubt. Erikson’s third stage is the preschool stage. The child needs to explore. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose whereas failure results in a feeling of guilt. The School Stage is the next stage (6 to 11 years). At this stage a child needs to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of competence where failure results in feeling inferiority. The fifth stage is the Adolescence Stage (12 to 18 years). Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to the individual being true to one’s self, failure leads to role confusion. Te sixth stage is The Young Adult Stage (19 to 40 years). At this stage adults form intimate relationships with other people. Success leads to strong relationships while failure results to loneliness and isolation. The final Stage is The Maturity Stage. At this stage older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Success leads to feeling of wisdom while failure results in feelings of bitterness and despair.
ReplyDeleteI agree with Erickson's last stage if we do not be successful in life we would just left with that bitter emptiness we will just feel left out.
DeleteI commend Erickson for acknowledging the need for spiritual satisfaction before death. However it is something we should remember as youths.
DeleteSigmund Freud was an Austrian Neurologist who became known as the father of psychoanalysis. According to him an individual must go through five different stages to become a balance or non-balance individual. The Oral Stage is the first stage. Freud mentions that a child uses the mouth as the erogenous zone and to gain oral pleasures. This is portrayed by a mother breastfeeding or feeding a child. Freud states that if a child is not fed to time then he can develop oral fixations which results in problems with drinking, eating, or nail biting. The second stage is the Anal Stage which is from 1 to 3 years. At this stage a child is thought hoe to control the bladder by toilet training. If the child goes through this stage successfully he later becomes a very clean, neat and tidy individual, whereas, if he doesn’t complete this stage properly he later becomes a messy individual. The third stage is The Phallic stage which occurs between the ages 3 to 6. This is where the Oedipus and the Electra complex comes in. Freud said that at this stage a boy becomes sexually attracted to his mother and a girl to her father. He mentionsthe boys begin to view their father as rival for their mother affection and girls experienced penis envy. The Latent period is the fourth stage. At this stage from 6 to 12 years the child becomes more concerned with peer relationships, hobbies and other interest. According to Freud this period is a time of exploration. This stage is important in the development of social and communication skills and self-confidence. The Genital Stage is the final stage in Freud Stages of Psychosexual development. This stage is from puberty to death. During this stage an individual develops a strong sexually interest in the opposite sex. It begins during puberty but last throughout the rest of a person life. Interest in the welfare of others grows during this stage. According to Freud if all the stages have been completed successfully, the individual should now be well- balanced, warm and caring.
ReplyDeleteIn the course of development, an individual goes through five psychosexual stages.They are oral stage,anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage and the genital stage.
ReplyDeleteAccording to Freud theory:
1) "Behaviour is motivated by unconscious instincts and drives, memories and feelings."
2) "Throughout life, the child(and later the adult) is mainly concerned with gratifying basic instincts."
3) " Psychosexual stages are determined primarily by maturation."
4) "Any stage unsuccessfully complete leaves some characteristics to interfere with later stages."
IN conclusion according to Freud's stages of psychosexual development the behaviour of the individual is based on instinct that either are taught, memories made or the feeling of the learner.
Erik Erickson, a German psychoanalyst.According to Erickson's theory,every person must passed through a series of 8 stages in their life.They are:Trust vs mistrust,autonomy vs shame,initiative vs guilt,industry vs inferiority,identity vs identity diffusion,intimacy vs isolation,geenerativity vs self absorption and integrity vs despair.
ReplyDeleteAccording to Erikson, "behaviour is motivated by the conscious self rather than by unconscious drives and instincts."
Erik Erickson theory believed that every human being passes through several different stages in life from birth to death. However, some of us can relate to his theory because we already passed through few of these stages. The first stage of Erickson psychosocial development is Infancy from age’s birth to eighteen months (trust vs. mistrust). Babies are completely dependable on their parents and a lack of caring and affection could lead to mistrust. The second stage is Toddler from ages two to three years (autonomy vs. shame and doubt). The child will learn to develop a sense of personal control or physical skills and a sense of independence. The third stage is Pre-School four to six years old (initiative vs. guilt). At this age the child likes to play, him/her imaginations grows and they develop creativity and cognitively. But when the child does something wrong the parents will punish him/her and that could be the cause of guilt. The fourth stage is School age six to eleven years (industry vs. inferiority). The child is influenced by peers and teachers. The failure to succeed socially causes the feelings of inferiority. The fifth stage is Adolescence twelve to eighteen years (identity vs. Role Confusion). At this stage young teenagers will determine their identity. This is when they go through puberty and it’s a large stage they face. Also they more independent and withdraw from peers and parents. The sixth stage is Young Adulthood nineteen to forth years (intimacy vs. isolation). At the adulthood stage is where the adult think about settle down and start a family. They often time fail to find a romantic partner and that is the cause of isolation. The seventh stage is Middle Adulthood thirty-five to fifty-five years (generatively vs. self absorption). They focused on the importance of work and being a role model for the children. At this age they main responsibility is career and family. The eight stages is Maturity sixty-five to death (ego integrity vs. despair). This is the stage of reflection on life. Older adult need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfilment, the failure of this stage result in regret bitterness and despair. As a young adult I could see myself going through this stage at this present moment. For example I am a loving and caring person I always try my best to gain a strong relationship with my sisters but for some reason one of my sister is so ignorant and whenever I show her a little caring she push me away, and now I don’t want to have nothing to do with her. I keep my distance from her. Comparing Erickson theory to Freud theory there is no comparison because Erickson theory makes a lot of sense. After listening to the video I could now realize the different stages babies, teenagers and young adult go through. This theory helps us to understand people personality and their behaviour.
ReplyDeleteIt's true it helps you think and wonder ,so is this why I behave a certain way i need be careful am not passing this on to my children it's very enlightening
DeleteErickson's theory definitely makes sense because we can all relate to his stages. indeed I try my best to interact with my sisters and there will always be a sister that behaves that way.
DeleteErickson’s theory of psychosocial development according to him occurs in different stages. It is a type of development that we develop through social interaction. His theory clearly describes the impact of the experience we face through socialization. This occurs throughout our life span Erickson’ most interest is mostly towards human ego identity which is our conscious sense of self that we develop through social interaction with others. I agree with Erickson that a sense of competence will be a motivation of behavior and action because if a person is good at something, then that person will be motivated and whatever he does will be at their best of knowledge and their behavior will be passionate .Erickson's first stage of development occurs from birth to 18 months. It is called trust vs. mistrust and this emphasize feeding meaning that a child will develop trust in people who cares and takes care of them because if such action is not taken then that child will have no trust in anyone.
ReplyDeleteHis second stage is the autonomy vs. shame and doubt which has to do with proper toilet training. This will help the child to have a person control over physical skills and a sense of independence which I think is good because children need to have proper training at home so they can know how to take of or themselves later on in life. Stage 3 talks about initiative vs. guilt. This has to do with exploration. This is good because through social interaction children starts to be leaders and starts acting independently. The fourth stage is called industry vs. inferiority this is when the children are in school the child will feel proud of their excellence to know that they have ability; something is believe all students should have. I conquer with parents and teacher who help their children to be successful. That will help that child to know how competent they are and will also help them to have strong believed in their skills. Stage 5 is identity vs. confusion where I think that individuals needs to know when they really are and to discover their true personality because when you know yourself you would know what you’re capable of doing and to see if you can fit into society. If such actions are not taken you would left confused in life. Stage 6 talks about intimacy vs. isolation. I think a person needs to know their selves in order to have a close healthy relationship with someone but if not it will never be possible to understand someone else if you can’t even understand yourself. Stage 7 deals with generatively vs. stagnation. When you have a healthy relationship with a partner you would want to have children and take care of them and watch them grow and be successful. The main focus should be our family. Finally the last stage is called integrity vs. despair. This is the part where everyone should enjoy because when you’re know grown and have experienced everything, you would simply sit and look back on your accomplishments and feel satisfied and will simply wait for your turn to die.
I see Erickson’s 8 stages of psychosocial development as an interesting topic one that is best explained. I think most of his thoughts are still active in our today’s life.
I found Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development to be very interesting and understanding. All of his stages are explain clearly and you can make a connection with what he is saying. Stages two and three spoke about young children wanting to explore their surroundings and start doing things on their own such as using the bathroom and dressing themselves. He also went on to say that in the second stage here is where children learned to be leaders and self motivated if they are left to explore and experienced things for themselves. However, Erikson also said that if the parent don't allow the child to do things on his or her or always giving negative criticism the child will eventually develop doubts about his or herself. Stage seven also stand out for me as Erikson explained that the parent are the ones responsible for the productivity of the next/future generation. The moral and values that you as a parent instilled in your child will more than likely reflect in the individual he or she turns out to be when they become an adult. Therefore, I believed that if a child is given the opportunity to grow up and go through the early stages of Erikson psychosocial development stages properly he or she will turn out to be a productive asset to his or her society.
ReplyDeleteErikson stages of development, we can surely relate to them. the statement made, "Erikson also said that if the parent don't allow the child to do things on his or her or always giving negative criticism the child will eventually develop doubts about his or herself." That i agree on ! strongly because i see it happen before.
DeleteIn Erick Erickson’s theory of Psychosocial Development, we are able to understand how personalities evolve throughout life because of the interaction between biologically based development and the demands of society. Hence, culture plays an important role in the development of every individual’s personality. The eight stages are based partly on the stages proposed by Freud and partly on Erickson’s studies. Erickson (1968), states that the society in which one lives makes certain psychic demands at each stage of development. Erickson calls these demands crises. During each psychological stage, the individual must seek to adjust to the stresses and conflicts involved in these crisis. Therefore, if an individual does not learn how to trust at stage one, that person will find it difficult to attain intimacy in stage six.
ReplyDeleteFrom the video, we are able to understand that Erikson believed that the ego develops individually through its biological (psychosexual) processes, but also due to personal concerns and relationships (psychosocial). Erikson actually assumed that the prime motivation for development was social interaction, the internal drive to interact with others. Hence, an individual’s personality/identity is developed based by the way he/she is raised.
Each stage depicts what an ideal person should develop, however we must realize that we are not perfect and we will face crisis. What Erickson wanted us to understand is that as society changes norms, values and customs change hence; society creates different behaviors of what is right from wrong. This is where conflicts and confusion occur because many of us want to know who we are.
One stage which has caught my attention is stage five (Intimacy vs. Role Confusion). This is the stage where many young people explore who they are and establish their identity. This will have occurred based on the knowledge and the costumes/traditions they were raised in. The flaw that I find in this stage is that as our society change there has been a tremendous accommodation of the gender role/identity. Society has now in many parts of the world accepted homosexuality as being moral. Now I am not condemning homosexuality, but an individual trying to fit into a society who has lost trust, been through shame and doubt, passed though guilt, and faced inferiority how will he/she make it through this stage. This is something that Erickson’s theory does not explain because if we remain stuck at one stage how can we fix or avoid being stuck at any particular stage. Do we go by what society impose is right or do we choose what we want to be?
Furthermore, I am appalled when parents and I will specifically say when fathers tell their sons’ not to play with dolls “Dolls are for girls you dah battyman.” When parents instill shame and doubt, constantly towards their child, it creates a low self-esteem and worthlessness hence, the child learns to be worthless. The question here is who do we blame culture or society?
I personally think that we shape our identity, the way we dress, talk, the music we listen and even the T.V. shows that we watch shape our identity because we take want we like. If our culture deems it wrong, we take it and if society deems it right, we take it and nothing is wrong with that. Hence, in order to really evaluate where we are we must personally reflect on the person we are today. Are you happy where you are? Do you regret anything in life and if so what would you change?
Erik Erikson developed his personality development theory based on the fact that human grow through stages of which he outlined each of these eight stages. Each stage depicts conflicts that we go through in order to overcome a stage. As well, at each stage, the level of conflict tends to be more difficult to overcome. The basis for each stage was developed ego identity and ego strength. Ego identity being that of self consciousness and conscious of the environment around you, and ego strength determines how competent an individual will become in life. The conflict faced at each stage causes changes in our lives that will bring about personal and potential growth as well as failure. The first stage being that of trust vs. mistrust where the child from birth to about age 1 1/2 years is solely dependent upon their caregiver to provide them with all the necessary means in order to live. At stage 2 the child is faced with autonomy vs. shame where they are learning things on their own that lends itself to them having a level of self dependency. Stage 3 is between age 3 - 6yrs. and the child is faced with initiative vs.guilt. This is also the child's playing age where being imaginative is at an all high. They tend to mimic and imitate whatever it is that is seen. At this stage morality is learnt that certain actions come with certain responsibility. Stage four between ages 6 - 12 is the elementary school age where the child is challenges with industry vs. inferiority where a great deal of time is spent with their friends and teachers at school. Stage 5 ages 12- 18 years is the pubertal stage where the individual is challenged with their identity and role confusion and they start to try and create their own identity. Stage 6 ages 18 - 35, is intimacy vs. isolation where if the individual does not have a family it can lead to isolation. Stage 7 at ages 35-55 is the general activity vs. self absorption is where the individual's career and children are of utmost importance. the final stage is from age 55 to death with the challenge of integrity vs. despair and the individual is focused on a reflection of life.
ReplyDeleteErickson’s believed that we develop our personalities through three major elements: Ego Identity, which we attain through human interaction; ego strength which is by us feeling competent and important and lastly conflict, which he believes is the turning point in our development. Erikson theory is that we go through eight stages of development; however the outcome from one stage is not permanent and can be altered by later experiences.
ReplyDeleteI am in agreement with Erikson; I do think that we grow into our personalities by the experience we have regardless of which stage of development that may occur. Someone who may have been a very trustful person at a younger age could have a dramatic experience which changes how trustful they use to be. I can think of one experience I had last year where I have become a bit fearful of swimming. Since I grew up in Burrell Boom, the river was the place to hang out with friends. It was always exciting to go swimming and just have fun. Last year as I was swimming, a dog (pitbull) jumped into the water and started attacking me. Front that moment on my love for swimming which was once filled with excitement is now filled with fear. I have NEVER been a person to be fearful of the water and because of that one experience, I now am.
In terms of society and culture, yes I think it plays a role in our development. I often think about what my life would have been like had I not grown up where I did. I have family in southern Belize where life is so different than mine here at home. Their culture and society dictated what they are today as did mine.
To sum up, Erikson theory in my opinion makes far more sense than that of Freud’s. While I do believe that society and culture does help shape us to be who we are today, we as individuals also shape our selves. I am who I am today but as time and society changes, ten years from now I may look back and not even recognize the person I am today.
I do agree with you that Erikson theory do make more sense as to Freud theory. As we read Erikson theory we related to them more easily as we experience for ourselves and going through the stages Erikson talks about.
DeleteErikson Social Development Stages:
ReplyDeleteErikson’s theories as mention, the eight stages, stage one where he believes that from birth to 18 months an ego development outcome of Trust vs. Mistrust begins. Autonomy vs. shame, the second stage, whereby he believes that from the age of 3 years – 5 years old they learn to do things on their own rather than depending on their parent. Stage three, Initiative vs. Guilt, in this stage he said that we usually become involved in the classic "Oedipal struggle" and resolve this struggle through "social role identification." If we're frustrated over natural desires and goals, we may easily experience guilt. Stage four, Industry vs. Inferiority in this particular stage he believes that we are capable of learning, creating and accomplishing numerous new skills and knowledge, thus developing a sense of industry. Also at this stage we have a very social stage of development and if we experience unresolved feelings of inadequacy and inferiority among our peers, we can have serious problems in terms of competence and self-esteem. At stage five, Identity vs. Role Confusion, here we see that with Erikson theory at this stage our development depends upon what is done to us. We try to find out own identity, who we are, separating from family of origin and as members of a wider society. Intimacy and Solidarity vs. Isolation, he is say that if we're not successful, we may isolation and distance from others. Leaving us with a hard time finding it easy to create a sustaining relationship, whereby at the end we can feel superior to others. Generatively vs. Self-absorption, here Erikson observed that at the middle-age we tend to be occupied with creative and meaningful work and with issues surrounding our family. Also, middle adulthood is when we can expect to "be in charge," the role we've longer envied. The last stage, Integrity vs. Despair, those of integrity are those who look back at life and have seen it feeling fulfilled with a deep sense that life has meaning and we've made a contribution to life. Who are able to accept death as a completion to life. And others of despair, who does not see a fulfillment of life, simply can accept death as a conclusion to life.
As to compare Erikson theories of stages of development and Freud theories of stages of development, Erikson theories are more connected. It is more understandable to relate to, as we experience for ourselves. Also, the society plays a big role in our stages of development. We adopt the things around us as it becomes a part of us.
Erickson believed that personality is developed through different stages in life. He believed that three major elements played a role they are ego identity which is developed through interaction and individual becomes more aware their environment, ego strength is when the individual becomes responsible and can be depended on which makes them feel important and conflict which Erickson believed that individuals everyone will go through some point in life which will determine their development the video states that personal growth is high but potential for failure is at the same level. He also came up with eight stages of psychosocial development they are Trust vs Mistrust in which he states that a child from birth to 1 yrs is desiring emotional and physical needs that needs to be meet if these are not meet the child will grow up feeling insecure and mistrusting of others. The second stage is Autonomy vs Shame at this stage children are more independent and want to learn things on their own, parents most be patient and encouraging in order for children to complete this stage properly. The third stage is Initiative vs Guilt at this stage children want to be heard and seen they want o rule failure to properly complete this stage will leave the child feeling doubtful about their self. stage four is Industry vs Inferiority at this stage children develop pride and and sense of accomplishment in their work, if parents and teachers show that they are pleased by their work it will allow the child to complete this stage feeling and believing in their abilities. Stage five is Identity vs Confusion children will explore being independent and have a knowledge of who they are. Intimacy and Isolation is stage 6 this is when adults want to settle down and have a family. Stage 7 is Generativity vs Stagnation this is the stage where adults become more responsible and have responsibility of a family and their career. Stage 8 is Integrity vs Despair where the elderly reflects on their life and accomplishments.
ReplyDeleteErickson psychosocial development theories makes more sense than Freud's theories to me, it is more realistic and can be easily related to. when it comes to the first stage it can be tested and proven that babies do depend on their care givers for everything and the last stage is so true because by just listen to elderly speak about their past its like they are reflecting on what they have accomplished and achieved and how proud they feel.
I enjoyed reading your blog, it is well put together. Your blog is full with interesting information about Erikson's psychosocial development theories.
DeleteThe video focused on Psychoanalyst Erick Erickson's eight stages of personality development and also the three major elements in his theory. Erickson believed that our personality is developed through social and cultural experiences. His three major elements includes ego identity, which is developed through interaction, ego strength which focuses on being competent in life and also conflict, which focuses on a turning point in development and the personal growth is high. I agree with Mr. Erickson because I believe that we all need some kind of interaction to survive in this world or we will become uncivilized people. Also, it is possible that everyone experience a conflict in life and it allows for us to make better decisions and learn from our mistakes. His eight stages included trust vs. mistrust, where infants require attention both physically and emotionally from their caregivers. This is true because infants depend on us for their needs which can allow them to feel secured knowing they are loved. However, we all still need a little mistrust so we can be able to protect ourselves from danger. In the second stage, Autonomy vs. Shame, it speaks about children becoming independent. Like Freud, this is the toilet training point. With children learning to be a little responsible to put on their clothes, feed themselves etc.., this allows for them to depend on themselves as they mature so they can be responsible adults and not be dependent on others to survive in this harsh world. In the third stage, Initiative vs. Guilt, called the play age, the imagination grows and this is when 'Children do what they see'. This is the time for us adults to be responsible adults to teach our children the right thing because this can affect their lives as they mature. My four year old daughter learns that when she does something wrong, such as spilling water, she cleans it up. The next stage is Industry vs. Inferiority called 'Entrance to Life', where peers and teachers are the major influence. The fifth stage is the Identity vs. Role Confusion, which is a large change in life and we learn to find our true selves. The sixth stage is Intimacy vs. Isolation. This is the time to start a family at 18-35 years, or you will become isolated. I started my family at age 18. The seventh stage is Generativity vs. Self Absorption, when the only concern are the responsibilities of career and children. The final stage is Integrity vs. Despair which is based on the reflection of life.
ReplyDeleteErickson's stages make more sense than Freud because our personality growth depends on our social experiences. If we learn to have friends, it helps us throughout life to always feel loved and increases our self confidence and also gives us longer life. We also learn from our own culture which impacts our life. For me and my siblings, we have always grown together, so now that we are adults, majority of us still live beside each other in our parents huge yard. As for my present life, I feel loved and it increases my self esteem, and it allows me to love my children more and guide them in the right path. Throughout my experiences, I have made mistakes but I learned from them and also it taught me to be responsible and be a better person in society.
The on going question and debate concerning the various factors that contribute to what makes us who we are still continues today. The argument of nature versus nurture still consumes the thoughts of many psycho analysts today. Erikson had his own set of theories that he believed are directly resonsible for our social development as human beings. He divides the the developmental process into eight specific stages.
ReplyDeleteThe first stage being Trust versus Mistrust is especially thought provoking to me becuase trust is a crucial element in everyone's life. To think that we develop the ability to trust as infants forces me to reflect on all my relationships from chilhood to now with parents, siblings, peers and spouses did I develop adequate trusting skills? Did I hinder or enhance does relationships with my ability and level of trust?
Erikson believes that our culture and society help to crave our personality. Does that then mean that we are expected to be exactly like our parents or will we merely choose the traits from their personality that we like ourselves?
Contrary to Freud's Theory of Psychosexual development, Erikson argues that even if we do not successfully complete a stage of his psychosocial development we can still become balanced adults based on our experiences throughout our lives. I am tempeted to lean towards Erikson's theories in this respect because there he leaves room for redemtion, there is hope that a person can change and be better. With Erikson there is a sense of HOPE and if we dont have hope for betterment in our lives then why bother to exist, some would say.
I strongly agree on Erickson's theories especially on Trust vs Mistrust because this theory allows a young child to be capable of growning up with their believes. A child learn from an adult especially at their early age, for instance, growning up in a family that allows you not interact with others may be a dramatic issue later on in life because it will have you a hard time to cooperate and fing out what life is all about.
ReplyDeleteSigmund Freud 5 theoreis is basically on the way a child is grew up. for instance, anal stage state that a mother has to properly train her child so in the future the dont turn out to be bad Egos. i totally dis agree with this stage because a mother can train her child with the best of manner for her child to be successful in life. later in life when that child has the ability to learn more about the world they may end up being criminal and i clearly believe that it is not a responsiblity of the mom because of the way the child turn out to be. i believe that every individual make their life the way it is
ReplyDeleteErikson believes that we will go through a complex in life that will cause a turning point in their development. Stage one deal with trust vs mistrust which means if a child is given his/her specific needs and at the appropriate time then he or shill will develop trust and if not fed on time, or changed on time then will develop mistrust, which to me does make sense, because then you are taught how important you are at a very young age based on this action...for example a child who would cry continuously because he/she needs a change of diaper and no one attends to him/her would tend to develop mistrust. In the second stage he describe it as autonomy vs shame where children become dependent and learn things on their own, so if a child wants to explore outside, the parents should allow their child to do so, basically you wouldn’t to limit your child, this could be a determining factor of what they would want to be in life, a lot of parents tend to be to over protective of their child and wouldn’t want them to do certain things, if you look it through Erikson point of view, you could basically say parents who do this hamper the growth and development of their child. In the third stage deals with ages 3 to 6 and is called Initiative vs Guilt, where a child mimics what they see and accept punishment, from my personal experience I believe if this stage isn’t reinforced a child would become disobedient because if they do something wrong and the parents doesn’t punish them, they won’t know right from wrong and later on when they get older, it would be much harder to correct them and rebelling would start to occur… I believe the rest of stages isn’t much based on the parent however on society and to come to think of it, in today’s society, we wonder why a lot of our children behave a certain way, and parents expect us(society) to correct them, however it has been their own mistake of improper growth development and basically the good suffer for the bad…eventually…
ReplyDeleteReflection on Erik Erickson’s theory of psychosocial development
ReplyDeleteErik Erickson’s theory of psychosocial development basically explains the changes one goes through in life from birth to death. He explains that as we grow, we experience conflicts that either develops or fail to develop our personality. If faced with a conflict and unable to resolve that conflict, then we experience even more problems. Erickson’s first stage, Trust vs. Mistrust, birth to one year, applies to infants who depends on their parents and caregivers for their basic needs which is food, shelter, clothing and love. If the child needs are met, at this fundamental stage, he will develop trust; however, if it is not met, then he will mistrust people. The next stage, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, applies to toddlers. They want to feel independent. Be able to decide which clothes to wear, toy to play with and food to eat, with little guidance. At this stage, children are building skills and confidence. If autonomy is disapproved, the child will loose self-confidence and will always be doubtful. Initiative vs. Guilt is the third stage. At this stage, preschoolers’ uses the basic skills develop in stage two, to achieve certain goals. If successful at this stage, they feel as if though they have power and control and are able to lead others. If unsuccessful, then they experience complications at the fourth stage, Industry vs Inferiority. This stage is from 5 to 11 years. Children enter primary school and start to acquire the skills needed to be successful. If encouraged and commended by parents, teachers and peers for a well done job, they then develop a feeling of competence and belief in what they are doing. If the opposite occur, then they begin to disbelief their ability to be successful. They feel as if though they are worthless. The fifth stage, Identity vs. Confusion, occur during adolescence. Children are concerned with how others look at them. How they appear to others. At this stage, a sense of identity must be achieved in order to be successful at the next stage, Identity vs. Confusion. The sixth stage, Intimacy vs. Isolation, covers the period of early adulthood. People are developing close, intimate relationship. If successful, they will form committed and secure relationship. If unsuccessful, then they will always be isolated, depressed and uncommitted. Generativity vs. Stagnation, at this stage, we should already build a life. Our primary focus is on our career and family. We should be leading our children in the right direction. If successful, you will feel productive. You will be able to contribute to your home and your community. If unsuccessful, with this stage, then you will feel unproductive and uninvolved in the world. The final stage occurs during old age. If a person have lived a happy life and accomplish his goals, he will have no regret. If not, he will feel life has been wasted and have many regrets....
Cont.
ReplyDeleteErickson’s eight stage of psychosocial development theory portrays how a person grows from birth to old age. As an infant, we develop trust. I do not recall my years as an infant but can safely say that my basic needs were met because today, trust is not an issue for me. However, up to age seventeen, I did not have autonomy. As per my parents, they were always making the right decisions. Deciding what I wear, which high school to attend, which program to take, which junior college to attend and the reason why I should do so. Hence, I have a Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Administration and now many years later pursuing a Certificate in Primary Education. If was given the opportunity to make decisions on my own, with little input, I would have been much more successful today. I still thank them as well as all my teachers for the strength and encouragement they gave me. If it was not for them, I would have probably been a failure with many regrets and questions, wondering my purpose for living.
At this point, I continue to build my life and focus on my career while maintaining a close, strong and committed relationship with my children, my family and my partner. Thanks to my strong sense of personal identity.
I strongly agree with Erickson on certain things, especially when he say, we have to lead the next generation. When we are at the final stage, we look back and see if we were successful and how successful. We have to be role models for them. Guide them in the right direction because they are the future of tomorrow.
Erickson's Psychosocial Theory of Human Development stated how personality is developed in different stages in life. His theory of psychosocial development contributed to our understanding of personality development throughout our lifespan. The three main elements in Erickson's theory applies to Ego Identity, Ego Strengths, and Conflict. According to Erickson's video it entails of eight stages which started from, stage one Infancy age 0 to 1, trust vs. Mistrust, where a child depends on his or her parents for survival including warmth, food, trust and affection. During this stage if theirs needs are met consistently and responsively they develop secure attachment and learn to trust the environment in general. If needs are not met the child develop mistrust towards people and the environment and even towards themselves. Stage two, Toddler(2 to 3 years) Autonomy vs shame and Doubt, In this stage toddlers learn to walk, talk, use toilets and do things for themselves. During this stage their self control and self confidence begin to develop. If the child is being encouraged by parents when making mistakes , the child will develop the confidence needed to cope in future situations and being independent. If parents are overprotective or disapproving of the child independence he or she may begin to feel ashamed and have doubt of her abilities.
ReplyDeleteStage three, Early childhood (2 to 6), Initiative vs. Guilt, In this stage the child developed motor skills and become more in social interaction with people around them. They learn to to be more adventurous and more responsible, and learn to control impulses and child fantasies. If these are not being met the child may develop a sense of guilt and may come to believe that it is wrong to be independent. Stage four, Elementary and Middle School Years, (Age 6 to 12), During this stage school is important, they learn to make things, use tools, and acquire skills to be a worker. contd...
(contd) If children are being productive and seeking success they will develop a sense of competence, and if not met, they will develop a sense of inferiority. Stage five, Adolescence (Age 12 to 18), Identity vs. Rile confusion, During this stage a child is asking ourself, Who am I? Did we develop the basic sense of trust, independence, competence and feel control of our lives? If an adolescence solves these conflict successfully, he or she will come out of this stage with a strong identity, and ready for the future and if the child does not accomplished these in this stage they will sink in confusion, unable to make decision and choices. Stage six, Young adulthood (Age 19 to 40), Intimacy vs. Isolation, In this stage are love relationships. According to Erickson's you are not developmentally complete until you are capable of intimacy. Once individual achieved a sense of identity they can form close relationship, but if not they will fear commitment and feel isolated. Stage seven, Middle Adulthood, (Age 40 to 65) Generativity vs. Stagnation, In this stage Erickson's state that individual refer to generativity as the adult's ability to look outside oneself and care for others. He stated that individual can solve this by having and nurturing children but if crisis is not successfully resolved he or she will remain self centered and experience stagnation in life. Stage eight, Late Adulthood (Age 65 to death) Integrity vs. Despair Important, In this last stage Erickson's stated that is old age and its a time for reflecting upon one's own life and filled their life with pleasure and satisfaction or disappointments. If individual has achieved a sense of fulfillment about life and a sense of unity with himself or herself and with others, he or she will accept death with a sense of integrity. If not the individual will be in despair and fear death.
ReplyDeleteI agree with Erickson theory because if an individual met all these needs they turned out to be a well balanced individual in their life. If these are not met a person turned out to be in distress in his or her life, person have a low self esteem not feeling confident in his/ her life.
From watching the video I observed that Erickson's theory in psychosocial development is much like Sigmund Freud. I agree that a person personality are being developed through a series of stages. To my knowledge I think the most important stage of psychosocial development is stage one because that stage focus on the fundamental stage whereby parent has to be as patient with their children in order for them to develop properly. During the infant stage parents most provide their children with the necessary means a child need for them to live both physically and emotionally. I found out with children in the age group between 3-6 that is where they like to play and uses their imagination when playing. In the stage of Industry vs Inferiority that is where it is consider the entrance to life where children becomes very independent and would become inferior if they do not succeed. I would have to also agree with Erickson on the last stage because he spoke about the last stage relating on how one's would reflect on his/her lifetime on earth. In the seventh stage Ereckson spoke about the age range of 35-55 and I must agree because I am more focus on my career and being a role model for my children
ReplyDeleteErickson's psychosocial stages is just as children progress through rough and challenging stages from birth to adulthood. At the first stage which is trust vs. mistrust (infancy- 18 months). The parent play a big role in meeting the needs of the children for example food, clothing selection and diaper change. failure for this they develop mistrust and this result in fear. as for myself i had a sense of mistrust in my current adulthood because of my past relationship. The second stage which is autonomy vs. doubt (early childhood). This stage is when the child's body function leads to a sense of independence. They gain control over food choices, toy preference with the guidance of parents. My experience during this stage is that i didn't had any food choices because I grew up in a single parent home and we didn't had much so I had to be what my mom cooked. As for the toys preference, I didn't like to play with toys. The third stage which is initiative vs guilt (Preschool). The children interact more when people are around them. They balance in adventure and responsibility. Parents discipline their children and tell them what is right from wrong. The fourth stage is industry vs. inferiority. Children find school very important and develop an sense of pride in accomplishment. When a child is encourage and commended by parents and teachers develop a feeling and belief in their skills. Fifth stage is adolescence where children are exploring independence. Sixth stage is intimacy vs isolation(Adulthood). this period just covers young adulthood and personal relationships. Erickson believe it was vital that people develop close committed relationship with other people. He also believe that those with a poor sense tend to have less committed relationships and this lead to emotional isolation, loneliness and depression. Seventh stage is generativity vs. stagnation (Middle adulthood). At this stage we continue to build our lives and focus on family. Eight stage is Integrity vs. despair (Maturity). at this stage you start to reflect back on life. Some people may experience time being wasted and regrets. Those who are proud will feel a sense of integrity and will live with few regrets and gain wisdom even when confronting death.
ReplyDeletePsychosocial development deals mainly with the developing from childhood to adulthood. There are eight stages in Erickson’s theory and in each stage new challenges are being met. The eight stages that Erickson discussed are trust vs mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Role Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generativity vs. Stagnation, Ego Integrity vs. Despair, however, during these stages a person is not required to fully master a certain stage to go unto a next stage but if the stage is not completed it can affect a person life.
DeleteAccording to Erickson the first stage is basically about satisfying an infant needs. This is a stage where children feel trust for their parents or caregiver if their needs are being met. At this stage children depend a lot on their parent for their survival. In some cases when this stage is not fully completed children tend to grow in a world of insecurity or mistrust. I believe that children at this stage are very vulnerable and they tend to get secured to whosoever shows them love. At the same time they are growing and becoming more independent that they start to make their own decision. This is a time that they start to move from their parent and start to play, eat and change clothes by themselves. As a parent I believe that children should be encourage to make their own decision and be able to solve their own problems. Nevertheless there is also a stage where children have to make some decision where they have to risk themselves by crossing the street or skating and don’t wearing a helmet. It is said that at this specific time in their lives they are taking the initiative to explore their surrounding by themselves and make their own decisions. This is the stage where they don’t have to depend on somebody to tell them what to do. As time goes by they also start to develop their talents and if not allowed they lose interest and motivation. During this period where they discover more about themselves it is very important as a parent to support and encourage children to be productive and work toward their goals. Hence, they also reach to a stage where they feel confused and don’t know what the society expects from them. This transitional stage is from childhood to adulthood where they begin to play the role of a young adult. Being a young adult adds more responsibility and work making them part of an industrious society. Well this is a crucial stage where they have to decide what they want to become of themselves and realize that there no time for mix ideas and feelings. Once these young adults have recognized their identity they are ready to find a partner and make their own families. At this stage they are conscious that they can sustain a relationship of marriage from a long term and fulfill their commitments.
Erickson theory is very concrete due that his stages are related to real situation in life. However children development also has to do a lot with the surrounding and society influence.
I believe that Erickson theory is well elaborated because there are circumstances that these things really happen and influences in our real life.
Eric Erikson theory of psychosocial human development provides us with answers on how human personality develops. There are eight stages. These stages are Trust versus Mistrust, Autonomy vs. shame and Doubt, Initiative versus Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity versus Role confusion, Intimacy versus Isolation, Generativity versus Stagnation and Ego Integrity versus Despair. In each stage, Erikson believes that humans will face a complexity that will help us to mature. Once we are successful in each stage then well will maintain all the good personal traits. In the first stage of Trust vs. Mistrust, the age of birth to one and half years old, a child will have trust or mistrust depending on the type of care received. For example, a child who receives adequate attention, food and love will learn to trust the world. In oppose to a child who is left unattended with little food, love or care will develop mistrust. Autonomy vs. shame and Doubt, occurs at age one and half to three years, when the child is learning to be independent. The child decides on what to wear, likes and dislikes and should not be ashamed of making these decisions. Thus, parents need to be very patient for toddlers to be successful in this stage. I agree with Erikson that parents need to be patient because my son is at this stage. He feels independent and proud when I respect his wishes. During Initiative versus Guilt, ages 3 to 6 the child can perform different skills and must be aware of not feeling too guilty for doing wrong things. Industry vs. Inferiority lies between ages 6 to 12, when school age children are learning skills to help them through adulthood. A child needs to come through this stage successful for him or her not to feel inferior. Identity vs. Role confusion happens at the age of 12 to 18 years. Teenagers are going through adolescence and need to decide on their future. Intimacy verse Isolation occurs at age 18 to 35 after an individual is settle into a career. They also need to have a commitment in a sexual relationship. Generativity versus Stagnation happens between the age of 35 to 44, where a person can become complacent or creative. Erikson believes that motherhood or commitment in career will allow a person to pass this stage. Ego Integrity versus Despair is between age 65 to death. Humans’ face the challenge of old age while trying to obtain wisdom and spirituality. He believes this will help them accept death. I somewhat agree with Erikson on these stages since I can relate to many of them. However, these complexities can happen and change at any point in a human being life.
ReplyDeleteErikson's Psychosocial Theory of human development is based o personality. it is made up of 3 different elements. these are ego identity(ID), ego strength and conflict. Ego identity is developed by human interaction and their surroundings.. Ego strength deals with an individual that's becoming more competent in their life an feeling more important. Everyone goes thru a conflict in life and causing a turning point for them.
ReplyDeleteThe stages of psychosocial development have eight stages and each stage is focused on a different crisis for the different age group. Getting them ready for the next stage and what is to overcome. stage 1 is from zero to one and a half years old and its dealing with trust vs. mistrust, complete dependency on parents and physical and emotional needs must be met. stage 2 deals with one to three years old, children are now learning to be independent and doing things on their own. stage 3 is from ages three to six and this is considered the play age for the children and they began to mimic others behaviour. stage 4 is from six to twelve years of age and here is when kids are influenced by teachers and peers and industry vs. inferiority. the fifth stage is from 12 to 18, and in this stage it is identity vs. confusion and its determining their identity and become more independent and withdraw from parents and their peers. stage six is from 18 to 35 years of age and this deals with intimacy vs. isolation and the starting of families. stage seven is from 35 to 55 and this is dealing with yourself and becoming a role model in life for children and the importance of work. the last stage is eight and ages are from 55 to death and this talks about the integrity vs. despair and its based on life reflection.
I think that Erickson’s theory of psychosocial development is much more reliable than that of Freud’s. Erickson believes that everyone will go through a conflict in some point in their life that will cause a turning point in their development. Some of his development patterns in young children are also very similar to Freud’s except he gives us a sense of hope that we can one day recover if we were not successful in any of the stages he describes. Frued’s theory was sex driven while Erikson is social interaction. I especially like that Erickson, in each of his theory try to strike a balance on why we become either a balance or unbalance adult. Both Frued and Erikson’s first stages in their theory focuses on the infant developing that bond with their parents/caretakers that builds a foundation of trust. Erickson’s last stage is about acceptance whether or not you are satisfied with the outcomes of your life and all that you had accomplished.
ReplyDeleteThe word 'psychosocial' is Erikson's term, deriving from the words psychological (mind) and social (relationships). Erikson, like Freud, was concerned with how personality and behavior is influenced.
ReplyDeleteIndustry v. Inferiority is the stage where both my children are at in development. I know my son experienced a mid-term failure at school work for the first time and what's worse was that he feels that he is denied the opportunity to discover. I agree that he is developing his unique potential and it is most likely that his feeling becomes inferior and useless. Engaging with others and using tools or technology are also important aspects of this stage. Inferiority is feeling useless; unable to contribute, unable to cooperate or work in a team to create something, with the low self-esteem that accompanies such feelings.
The way personality is developed is very evident in Erickson's theory especially in the conflicts
Erickson’s stated that everyone must go through a conflict in life. He also discovered that each person’s personality develop in stages through life. In stage one he stated that children develop trust vs mistrust which means that children tend to have a complete dependency on parents. In the second stage, children become independent and learning things on their own. Age 3-6 years, is the play age for children, this is when they mimic what they see. Age 6-12 years, they become more independent and tend to spend more time with teachers and peers. Age 12-18 years, adolescents who have successfully dealt with earlier conflicts are ready for the identity crisis. Age 18-35 an individual would start a family, failure of this will lead to isolation. Age 35-55, adults need children as much as children need adults and age 55 is the old age whereby an adult would reflect on one’s own life.
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DeleteEric Erickson's theory of psychosocial theory of human development is based mainly on personality .He believed that personality develops in a series of stages. Erickson's theory describes the impact of social experiences across the whole lifespan. One of the main elements of Erickson's theory of psychosocial stage is the development of ego identity. Ego is the conscious sense of self that we develop through social interaction. According to Erickson, our ego constantly changes due to new experiences and information we acquire through interacting with others daily.
DeleteIdentity is referred to as all the beliefs, ideals, and values that help shape and guide a person’s behavior. The formation of identity is something that begins in childhood and becomes particularly important during adolescence, but it is a process that continues throughout life. Our personal identity gives us an integrated sense of self that endures and continues to grow as we age. In addition to ego identity, Erickson also believed that a sense of competence motivates behaviors and actions. Each stage in Erickson's theory is concerned with becoming competent in an area of life. If the stage is handled well, the person will feel a sense of mastery, which is sometimes referred to as ego strength or ego quality. If the stage is managed poorly, the person will emerge with a sense of inadequacy. In each stage, Erickson believed people experience a conflict that serves as a turning point in development. In Erickson's view, these conflicts are centered on either developing a psychological quality or failing to develop that quality. During these times, the potential for personal growth is high, but so is the potential for failure. Here are some psychosocial stages of Erickson, which includes eight stages, Trust vs. Mistrust, at this stage the child is dependent on the caregiver, the child develop trust if his/her needs are met. Stage two, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, child learns self control begin making choices, and feels independent without feeling ashamed. Initiative vs. Guilt, the child starts to develop physical skills, mental skills, mimic other behaviors, and develop creativity. Industry vs. Inferiority is when they are influenced by peers and teachers. Failure to succeed socially causes the feeling of inferiority. Identity vs. Role Confusion, this is where the person determines their identity. Intimacy vs. Isolation, the person decides to start a family. Generativity vs. Self Absorption, this is when the person learns to give of self, volunteer, contributes to the community. Integrity vs. Death, the person focuses on death.
I agree with Erickson's statement that everyone must go through conflict in life. This the way we are tested, conflicts either make us or break us.
DeleteI can agree with Freud's Oral Stage due to the fact that babies do always want to satisfy their mouth. When it comes to the Anal Stage i don't really get how if a parent be really strict with the child the child becomes overly organized or being too lay back with a child during this stage lets the child becomes a messy person. When it come to The Phallic Stage i do see the bound between mothers and sons and father and daughters however i think its a little extreme to say that during this stage that a child is actually thinking about killing the same sex parent and sleeping with the opposite sex parent. That's just wrong. Then the Latent Period i can agree with where by the child starts developing his or her personality, and finally yes i agree with the genital stage whereby as we all grow up we start to develop strong sexual interest.
ReplyDeleteI can more agree with Erikson stages of Psychosocial Development. He believed that ages 0-1 1/2 yrs old which is trust vs. mistrust a child is dependent on their parent and the child gain trust when the parent provides his or her needs to time. The next stage is Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt which is ages 1 1/2-3 yrs old, its the parent reaction to the child action that helps to develop the child personality, in order for a child to be develop properly the parent should be encouraging and patient. The third stage is Initiative vs. Guilt which is ages 3-6 yrs this is the play stage where they mimic what they see, during this stage is whereby they are thought guilt. If they do something wrong they can expect punishment. The fourth stage is Industry vs. Inferiority which is age 6-17 yrs during this stage the child spends more time with peers and teacher this is know as the entrance to life becoming independent. the fifth stage is Identity vs. Role Confusion which is age 12-18 yrs during this stage they start to develop their own identity. The sixth stage is Intimacy vs. Isolation which is age 18-35 yrs during this stage a person starts to isolate him or herself when wanting a family. The seventh stage is Generativity vs. Stagnation which is ages 35-55 yrs during this stage the most important responsibility is ones career and children and finally the eight stage Integrity vs. Despair which is ages 55- Death during this stage is life refection.His stages are more understandable and logical and i agree with them. Erikson also believe that everyone goes through a conflict in their life which causes a turning point in their development. I do agree with this because or experiences that we face helps to shape us as well as to guide us in the future.
ReplyDeleteEric Erickson believes that we are shaped based on our social and cultural background. The first stage of Mr. Erickson physosocial development is basic trust vs. mistrust. This stage is from zero to two years. The child is dependent on the mother to provide him or her with their basic needs. Some of the basic needs includes love, food, shelter, and care. The mother providing these and more for the child, the individual will develop trust for their care giver. If the child basic needs are not meant by the parent then the child will develop mistrust.
ReplyDeletePersonally speaking I believe that my decisions are not based on others perspective. I make my own decisions based on my believes and experiences. I think that all those things are based on my experiences in life and my knowledge. As a young child coming up I was afraid of being punish. My older sister on the other hand was the opposite. She always goes against my parents rules. As a result she was punished severely. I was there to witness it and always told myself that I will try my best to follow rules, because I don’t want to be punished. Reflecting on all that and now I can safely say that my decisions are made based on my experiences and not on the perspective of others.
Sigmund Freud psychosexual developmental theory has four stages. He believes that a child will be a balance individual if the stages are properly taught. Mr. Freud also believes that if the stages are not properly taught children will become confused individuals and become unbalanced.
ReplyDeleteThe first stage is from birth to 1 year, which is known as the oral stage. During this stage the child behavior is focused on the mouth during breast feeding. The mouth is used as to satisfy the child’s needs. Stage two is the anal stage this stage is from eighteen months to three years. At this time toilet training is the child’s key stage of experience. The third stage is from three to six years, which is called the phallic stage. They become aware of their bodies and the bodies of other children. The sons are closer with the mothers and the daughters with their fathers. According to Freud the boy focuses his libido upon his mother and have jealously and emotional rivalry against his father. To satisfy the boy’s id wants to kill his father. The fourth stage is called the latency. This is from ages six to puberty. The latency stage allows the individuals to be social at school and develop social development .the fifth and final stage of Freud psychosexual development is the genital stage. Freud believes that individual should be balance if all the stages were successful and can make decisions on their own. If the child was not properly taught throughout the stages they may enter into homosexuality and become permiscuos.
In the video clip, it explains of Freud psychosexual stages which Freud claims is a series of stages that begins at birth. As a person advances through theses stages it can or should explains their psychological development. Each of the stages claims that there is a fixation of the libido which is a sexual drive or instinct. This fixation depending on the stage is related to a particular body part. He believes that from birth there is some form sexual energy.
ReplyDeleteFreud’s stages of psychosexual development discussion started with the Oral Stage which is generally between the ages of birth to 2 years old. The body part fixation here is the mouth. It gets its satisfaction from putting things into its mouth to satisfy this urge from the libido. Freud said oral stimulation could lead to an oral fixation in later life. Oral personalities includes smokers, nail-biters, finger-chewers, and thumb suckers
The next stage is the anal stage, age 1- 3 -. The libido now focuses its demands on the anus and great pleasure is received from defecating. Ego develops at this stage as the little person realizes that their wishes can cause conflict with others. This is a result of adults saying when and where the child can defecate. This stage determines the child’s future relationship with authority figures. It also will determine your level of control verses disorganization or cleanliness versus untidiness.
The Phallic stage is followed at age 3-6. This is the stage where children realize that they are either girl or boy by differences in genitals. This sets in motion the conflict explained by what Freud called the Oedipus complex (in boys) and the Electra complex (in girls). The belief is that boys have sexual feelings toward their mother and girls toward their father. This is resolved naturally through the process of identification which involves the child adopting the characteristics of the same sex parent.
Stage 4 occurs at age 6-puberty and is known as latency. It says not much happens here but kids make friends and development issues become more solidified into traits.
The Genital stage follows after puberty. It is a time of sexual experimentation and settling down in a relationship. Sexual instinct is directed to heterosexual pleasure, rather than self pleasure during the phallic stage.
As usual, there are people who support these theories and those who find Freud’s views totally absurd.
Erikson's Psychological Stages begins at the Infancy phase which is birth to 1 year. Conflicts such as trust versus mistrust are developed here. At this age infants learn appreciation of interdependence and relatedness. Children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care and affection. Lacking this would turn into mistrust.
ReplyDeleteEarly Childhood follows at age 1-3 years. Children need to develop a sense of independence. Success at this phase leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt.
Play Age at 3-6 years is where children develop humour, empathy and resilience. Children need to be asserting control over their environment. Success leads to a sense of purpose. Children who put forth too much authority experience disapproval resulting in a sense of guilt.
School age is the next period between 6-11 years. Children now must cope with new social and academic demands. Success results in a sense of competence, while failure produce a feeling of inferiority.
Adolescence now steps in at age 12-18 years. Basic conflict such as identity versus role confusion occurs as Teens partake in social relationships or not. Teens need to develop a sense of personal identity. Success leads to the ability to stay true to one’s self as failure results in role confusion. Also gained here is the sense of the complexity of life.
Next phase is the Early Adulthood, which is up to the age of 25. Here young adults develop the sense of complexity of relationships and value tenderness and loving freely. They need to establish intimate, loving relationships. Success of course will be strong relationships while disappointment will become isolation and loneliness.
At age 40-65 is the period that’s called Middle adulthood. The basic conflict Erikson states here is Generativity versus Stagnation. Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, the most common example being children making. Being successful at this stage one should feel useful and accomplish. Breakdown at this stage results in shallow involvement in the world.
The last phase is Maturity that’s age 65 and beyond. Integrity versus despair is the basic conflict here as older adults look back on their life and should feel a sense of fulfilment. If one lacks that fulfilment they will be regretful, bitter and in despair while success leads to feelings of wisdom.
According to Erikson's Theory, the better that people come through each crisis, the better they will tend to deal with what lies ahead, but this is not to say that all is lost and never to be recovered if a person has had a negative experience during any particular crisis stage. Lessons can be revisited successfully when they recur, if we recognise and welcome them.
Some of Sigmund Freud psychosexual development stages in children are noticeable while others are controversial and cannot with the eye redibly be proven; therefore leaving many queries than answers.
ReplyDeleteIn stage one children are preoccupied with placing things in the organ of the upper part of the body which is the mouth. This comes from sucking on nipples from the pleasure of feeding and tasting. The oral stage, if done properly with the input of parents will help the child to become balance. On the other hand stage five which is the Genital Stage also involves a person becoming balanced; however as an adult fixation is with objects in the lower organs of the body. In the video it explains that the fifth stage is where children become fully independent from their parents. Children become grown adults and focuses on the genitals, sex drive and become consciously aware of what is right or wrong.
Both stages one and five are evident and can be visibly seen from observation and based upon most people’s experience.
The stage of which I have some disregard for is stage three, the Phallic stage which includes the Oedipus and Electra Complex because although we can see and hear children trying to remove one parent from the other, we do see children moving in an inappropriate manner making sexual advances towards the opposite parent. Also there is no test or evidence showing a child hormone moving to show that she or he has sexual feelings towards the opposite parent. I really do not know how Freud came up with this stage, but hopefully maybe a future another theorist will do a follow up.
Freuds psychosexual personality development theory is based on the pleasure principle. He believed that humans need sexual pleasure and derive all sorts of means to get it. Our personality is developed based on our early experiences while we are trying to achieve satisfaction.
ReplyDeleteI see the logic behind Freud's theory be ause casually observing people around the world, the majority of our desires have a sexual element at their core. Take for example a desire to have world peace. Why do we want to be at peace? We want it so that we can all feel safe to form harmonious relationships, which hopefully lead to sexual unions in marriage.
The first stage in Freud's theory is the Oral Stage where children derive pleasure from sucking. I have seen this to be true as well as seeing that children who are properly nurtured grow up a little more pleasant than those who don't receive the right care as infants. I have noticed that the children who constantly suck their thumbs, chew strange objects or put things into their noses, ears and mouths appear to come from somewhat dysfunctional families which suggest that indeed they may have been neglected or over indulged as infants.
Erikson's Psychosocial development theory, which was influenced by Freud's theory comprises of eight stages and covers a person's entire life span. His theory suggests that our choices and behaviors in life are determined by how we handled different social interactions as we aged. He suggests that we maybe do well and receive a virtue or we may not do so well and move on having acquired a vice.
ReplyDeleteErikson's stages seem to hold very true with particular evidence at the first and last stages. Infants do appear to learn how to trust from the start of their lives and little ones who were never adequately loved and responded to seem to be less trusting of others as they grow up. Likewise in the Integrity vs Despair stage, it seems to hold true that older adults do either seem very satisfied with their lie or in regret.
I have seen adults in this stage who live together but their experiences are so different that one is content and pleasant while the other suffers dementia and is very displeased with her life.
Great job Ms. Kimberly, I know that you took your time to do you assignment just by reading your work.
Deletehey thanks Shaine!
DeleteErickson psychosocial theory outlines a clear path to what is considered as observable stages which humans go through. In stage one he addressed the issue of trust versus mistrust. Here the child learns to trust and is completely dependent on primary care givers. It is therefore important in this stage to bond with a baby, so they may fell a sense of comfort and be emotionally grounded. I believe in his stage seven theory which is Generativity versus Self Absorption, the individual is consumed with setting good examples for their children and focuses on work.
ReplyDeleteWhen stage one and stage seven is compared it is evident that emotions play an important role in acceptance, the way we behave and the way we are treated and treat each other; therefore it is important for individuals to experience most of his stages.
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ReplyDeletePiaget's theory of Cognitive development has four stages, according to http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TRF27F2bn-A
ReplyDeleteThe first Being the Sensori-motor stage where babies from birth to about two years develop object permanence. According to Piaget, infants start out believing that if it's out of sight, it's out of mind until they start to realize that a thing might not be seen but it is still there.
At the second stage, the Pre-Operational Stage about two to seven years, children are unable to mentally conserve. This means that they are unable to see that amounts and lengths that are equal continue to be so despite the shape or length of their container.
At the third stage called The Concrete Operational Stage between 7-11years, children are able to understand that quantity is not lost when containers or forms are changed. However, students are still only able to construct opinions or schemas based upon their experiences with concrete objects, they are not able to think in abstract thought as suggested by the scenario with the feather and the glass.
In the final stage, the Formal Operational Stage from age 11 years and upward, children begin thinking in abstract terms. The child in the video was able to say that, despite her "knowledge" that feathers can't break glass but hammers can, the rule says the feather will break the glass so the likely outcome would be that the feather broke the glass. Here, children are able to form opinions around things that are not concrete and physical.
I have seen where these stages are true to some extent. My 1year old nephew has shown object permanence. When I hid a teddy from him, he was able to find it. However, unlike the video, when I hid the same teddy again in a new place he easily identified the bulge and went to the new place for the teddy without even checking the first hiding spot. I think that although the stages are accurate, children, because of various factors are able to proceed or linger in the stages at their own cognitive speed.
I concur that the stages are true to some extent as different ages are different according the stages of intellectual development. I have seen cognitive development in my nephew as well who is only 4 years old but he has qualities at the preoperational stage where he has excellent memory and imagination and understands the difference between past and the future.
DeleteErik Erikson believed that individual development takes place in a social context. His development is a life long process. The development theory contains eight stages of development that occur at different points in an individual’s life. At each stage, the individual has what he believed as, a developmental crisis. Developmental crises are issues in the different stages that must be dealt with so the individual can move on to the next stage. Each stage offers an outcome as to what will happen if the crisis is not resolved. Incomplete development of one stage can effect later development. I believe in the 8 development stages because when we discussed them in class we could have related to the different stage that took place in our life.
ReplyDeletePaiget's Stages of Development focus on intellectual development, as I watched the video clip on you tube with the children with the glass of water at the sensorimotor stage they were able to immediately see what was in front and language development is a milestone at the end of this level. Thereafter, the preoperational 18-24 months is where they are memory and imagination understanding the difference between past and future. I look at my nephew and my babies playing teacher and students and they are able to make distinct relations of real life situations especially where they are reprimanded. Children who are at the ages of 7 to 12 demonstrate logical concrete reasoning which leads to the final stage. The formal operation stage is where the logical use of symbols such as in algebra and science illustrates the accumulation of knowledge.
ReplyDeletePaiget's has 4 Stages of Development which are:
ReplyDeleteStage 1: The Sensori-Motor stage Birth to about 2 years old- during this stage young babies don’t know what happen to the object when it disappears, but as they grow older babies know how to look for objects. However they will look for the object where they last found it not where they watch the person hid it.
Stage 2: the pre-operational stage about 2- 7 years old- during this stage children can be trick very easily. E.g. with the juice both were the same amount but because one of the glass was taller and thinner the little girl believed that was the one that had in more juice, so at this stage I would say their eyes deceives them.
Stage 3: the Concrete Operational stage about 7- 11 years old- during this stage the child can more comprehend and determine the right answer and cannot be tricked easily.
Stage 4: The Formal Operating Stage about 11years onward- during this stage the minds are more develop to know what is likely to happen.
I completely agree with Piaget theory. These are things that we see daily as we look on child grows.
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ReplyDeleteThe video gave a clear explanation of Freud psychosexual stages. When a person go through these stages Freud said it will tell you their psychological development. Mr. Freud believes that there is a sexual energy in a baby from he or she is young. Freud’s stages of psychosexual development begins with the Oral Stage, it between the ages of birth to 2 years old. In this stage the baby satisfy its self by putting things into its. The second stage is the anal stage which is from ages 1 - 3. This stage determines the child’s future relationship with their parents. The third stage is the Phallic stage, it is from ages 3 - 6. At this stage the children knows that they are either a girl or a boy. Freud belief is that girls have sexual feelings for their father and vice versa. The fourth stage is from ages 6 to. It is said that children make friends and development problems. The fifth stage which is the Genital stage take place after puberty. In this stage you want to experiment and have sexual intercourse and by this time you should be in a steady relationship.
ReplyDeleteAccording to Piaget’s during their first year infants learn that everything has a life of its own, even if it’s out of sight. To me this is where infants begin to develop a sense of exploring and finding out things on their owned based on previous experience. I think that Piaget’s theories is that children especially in the stages 1 and 2 use sight as a main tool to what they believe and what they think is right, which is naturally a way a lot of us learn. Children will learn and understand based on what they see while in stage 3 they begin to reason and make sense out of things. And the last stage makes us realize that we begin to understand word for word and not based on what we know but what is stated or given to us.
ReplyDeleteI agree that infants learn that everything has a life of its own even if it's out of sight because as adults we grow with that because we can imagine seeing things even if they are not around
DeletePiaget's Stages of Development focus on four stages: one the sensor motor stage , 2 the per operational stage, 3 the concrete operational stage and four the formal operation stage. at the first stage infants acquire knowledge through sensory experiences and manipulating objects. the second stage: they learn through pretend play, the other stage; begins to think more logically. and the last stage increase in thinking logically, deductive reasoning and understanding of abstract ideas.
ReplyDeleteYes Nazzera, I must agree with you and that Piaget main focus on cognitive development focus on four major stages which includes sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational stages.
DeleteI totally agree that Piajet theory consist of four stages the first stage of development sets the foundation of human in the later age
DeleteI agree with the results from the multiple intelligent test due to the clear explanation. I do consider myself interpersonal. I enjoy building close relationship with my family and friends. I like to have peace and respect for everyone I come in contact. I believe that we all need someone in our life to communicate our joy, struggles, and feelings for us to be happy. The result also shows that I am a linguistic person. Thus, I love to listen to other and study their body language. I value the importance of communication. As a future teacher, communication will allow me to listen, understand and share much vital information. Music and arts are my weakness. I cannot play any instruments or draw. However, I am open to learn. I guess that is the reason why I am interpersonal rather than intrapersonal.
ReplyDeleteTotally agree with you communication involves everything.... You can come at my dad for music lesson
DeleteI will take that offer if it is still open.
DeleteAfter completing the MIS (Multiple Intelligence Survey), the results clearly show that my most dominant intelligence is Visual/Spatial (Picture Smart). The spatial intelligence is very obvious in my driving and drawing, I tend to see things or can picture things most people don’t, when driving I tend to be very aware of my environment and I love to draw things that I’ve seen earlier in the day or weeks ago. The visual intelligence becomes more obvious, because I know myself for starring and observing things/objects or even people or wanting to see something in action. I can remember at a young age, I was eager to know how thinks work. I recall opening up my toys to see what makes them work and sometimes I would put them back up and it would never work again. I like watching videos or pictures that indicate an object of how it is put together or what each part do. I even use this method even in math. I recall my 6th form days; I would go home and watch videos on specific topics to help me understand better what the teacher taught that day. On the other hand, according to the survey says that my least dominant intelligence is “Linguistic (Word Smart)”. I can relate to this because sometimes even in my reflections paper, I notice the way how I think and my ideas flow and how it actually comes out in the paper. Even during presentations in-front of a group of people I tend to forget words because of being nervous. I hope to one day conquer this fear because I know what I’m capable of doing and saying.
ReplyDeleteYes Kenny, the multiple intelligence survey is like a wellness survey, only that the MIS helps us to face to face reality on our strength and weaknesses in relation to real life.
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ReplyDeleteAfter completing the Multiple Intelligences Test I agree with the score that I received. I got a high score in interpersonal and I considered myself as that type of person. I got along with family and friends and I find it very easily to make friends with people. I loved music. Everything I do involves music and everything I do music is always in the background. I can play recorder, piano and guitar a little bit because my dad loved music and he try to teach his kids some kind of musical instrument. I learned better through practical rather than theory. I loved sports. I play softball and any other sports and I am the coach for B.R.P.S. I agree with the rating of my intelligency
ReplyDeleteHaving answered the 40 questions on this survey, I am a little surprised by my least dominant intelligence. My lowest score was eight points on Body smart (Kinaesthetic). I don’t understand why this would be my least dominant as I am a person who loves sports, my favorite past time is swimming; this is a Sunday ritual in my home. With a score of 17, the survey states that my most dominant intelligence is Logical. While I do not agree that this should be my most dominant intelligence I can understand why it is. Growing up Math was always my favorite subject and this still remains today. I can very much relate to this in my everyday life especially when it come s to budgeting and time. Calculations are made in my mind in terms of saving money and in saving time in my daily commute. I believe my least dominant intelligence should have been musical, while I do love music; I have no musical talent and no interest in learning anything about it in terms of instruments. My dominant intelligence I would say would have been Interpersonal, coming from a Customer Service back ground, interacting with people is something I love to do.
ReplyDeleteLeticia Novelo I wish I had that power you have calculations.......So I know who to look for when doing math work.
DeleteAccording to Piaget, children are born with a very basic mental structure (genetically inherited and evolved) on which all succeeding learning and knowledge is based. The goal of the theory is to explain the mechanisms and processes by which the infant, and then the child, develops into an individual who can reason and think using hypotheses. Meaning that as the child develops and grows he/she is taught how to reason or think. This is done by parents, teachers, and even society/culture they are born in.
ReplyDeleteTo Piaget, cognitive development was a progressive reorganization of mental processes because of biological maturation and environmental experience. Children construct an understanding of the world around them and then experience differences between what they already know and what they discover in their environment.
In the video we able to understand that as a child develops he/she knows nothing. But as they communicate, they begin to understand what things are and this is done with the help of parents and individuals surrounding the child. A good example of this is a dog barking, the child hears it but cannot decipher what it is, however as he/she begins to mature and understand what this strange creature is they begin to understand that this is a dog. Thus, they learn things through observation, sounds and interaction.
Being able to understand the world in our view is quite easy, but we may have at times differences in the way things work and how they work. This does not mean that we are slow learners it means that we are able to grasp information at our paste. Using the Multiple Intelligence survey, I was able to understand what my strength and weakness were.
ReplyDeleteMy strength was that I am Picture Smart. This meant that I will be good at art and good at other activities where I look at pictures like map reading, finding my way out of mazes and graphs. In my opinion, I do not consider myself being dominant in this area because I cannot even draw. Hence, I find this strange.
My weakness on the other hand, is that I am not a people smart. This means that I do not mix with people too well. This I definitely know is right because I keep to myself. It’s more like am not socially connected to other individuals, but that is just the way I am. I do not consider it a weakness but it was one of my lowest scores. The reason why I hate this type of test is because it tests how good you know yourself and at times, we grade or judge ourselves hard.
On the other hand, I enjoyed doing the test because it shows us that we have multiple intelligences in the world. This should give us a reason to respect and value others equally.
DeleteAccording to my result of the multiple choice intelligence, linguistic was the lowest and interpersonal skill was the highest score. Although my score in linguistic is low, I still consider myself having the abilities that enables a person to communicate with everyone. I can also express my ideas, concern, emotion and desires in a comprehensive way. Therefore, I know that linguistic is not only about communication it also deals with the structure of language which is subdivided into different field such as: syntax, morphology, phonology, pragmatic, semantics and phonetics. I still have a lot to improve on language for example writing and pronunciation of certain words. However, I am a person with strong interpersonal skill. Having strong interpersonal skill makes me feel comfortable with myself. I also have confidence in myself, meaning that when I set a goal, I make sure I achieve it. As a teacher I consider myself as having strength and weakness and I know which things I am capable of doing and which areas I need to improve.
ReplyDeleteI agree with you. We all have our unique strengths and weaknesses. We determine what we want to change and how.
DeleteIn my opinion, I found the multiple intelligence survey very interesting! While conducting this survey, I learned to face reality in regards to my strength and weaknesses. I have also acknowledged that my strength covers areas such as: bodily-kinesthetic, spatial- visual, interpersonal and intrapersonal skills. On the other hand this evaluation shows me my weak areas which include: linguistic, logical- mathematical and musical preferences. In relation to my weak areas there are many rooms for improvements in these weak areas, so as of today I will work on how to improve those weak areas.
ReplyDeletemultiple intelligent helps us to know our strenghts and weakness and helps us to improve towards your improvements
DeleteI agree with you Jose, I also found the survey interesting and that it helps in ways to let us know our strengths and weaknesses so we can improve them.
DeleteYes! it dose help us to build on our weaknesses that we face. shows room for improvements.
DeleteWhile researching on Jean Piaget theory of Cognitive Development, His main interest on cognitive development relates mostly to the long-term changes in how children and youth gradually becomes able to think logically and scientifically. I must mention that Piaget theory is scientifically popular among educators.
ReplyDeletePiaget theory also speaks about several learning stages that children go through in order to learn. I found out that in each stage, the children learning stage is different and get a little complex as time progresses. His theory also spoke about the relation on how children learn, for example: he believe that children should play, experiment, and relate to real life experiences. Assimilation, accommodation and equilibrium are the mental models which each child goes through in relation to cognitive development.
Furthermore Piaget proposed four major stages of cognitive development as follows: A.) Sensorimotor Stage- birth to age 2: This is the first stage which the infants “think” by means of their senses and actions. For example a baby touches, listen, look and place objects in their mouth as a form of communication. B.) Preoperational Stage- age 2 to 7: This stage children use their ability to represent objects in a variety of activities, but the child still may not know how to do it in an organized or logical manner. C.) Concrete Operational Stage: age 7 to 11: In this stage the child becomes more able to represent their ideas in a more flexible and logical way in which they can solve problems in a more systematic way than before. D.) Formal Operational Stage- age 11 and beyond: At this stage Piaget basically spoke about the child being able to reason with tangible objects, but also a period when the child can operate and form representations.
I like that you commented not only on Piaget's cognitive development theory which we studied in class, but that you also breifly touched on his Theory of Constructivism. In that theory he suggested that children "construct" their own learning through direct physcal "hands-on" contact with their environment. Even though I am not a very tactil person myself, I have found that it is easier for me, my son and the children I have taught, to learn when we are immersed fully in whatever lesson and interacting directly with the topic at hand. Thinking back to when I was growing up and learning, the things and lessons that stand out the most are those in which I was an active participant in my own learning.
DeleteThe result from the Multiple Intelligence test indicates that I am a very linguistic person. I am high in this type of intelligence and amazingly, extremely low in Naturalistic. I enjoy reading, writing and talking. I am very sociable, love meeting new people and appreciate meaningful conversation. My favorite pastime is reading Daniel Steele novels or writing short fiction. I love reading and telling humorous stories to my children and students. I am very persuasive and enjoy debating. I am also good at giving and memorizing information.
ReplyDeleteWhat astounded me is that I got tremendously low on Naturalistic Intelligence which I expected would have been the second highest primarily because of my passion for nature. I love the serenity I find in the village of St. Paul’s. The river, the breeze, the trees, the fruits and the animals especially horses. I am always blown away by nature’s beauty. I love camping, gardening, hiking and exploring. I also enjoy teaching about plants and animals. One of my greatest joys is being a tourist in my own country.
So you are linguistic i see that is so true !!!!1
DeleteHaving completed the test items, I refreshed my memory by reading up on Gardiner’s Multiple Intelligence. With this information in mind, after analyzing my scores. The test revealed the highest to the lowest score to be interpersonal, logical mathematical, musical, bodily kinesthetic and intrapersonal which shared an equal score. Finally linguistics, then spatial visual.
ReplyDeleteSome of the information based on the results I do not agree with; nonetheless the intelligence results show that I understand better when I interact with others and empathize greatly and have many friends. These are all true except for having many friends, since from as far back as I can remember I have only surrounded myself with with a limited number of people. The results also reveal the second highest score for logical mathematical, I do like reasoning and thinking things through. I also in math need to deal with the concept from a step by step process. As for Linguistics which was one of the lowest scores, the information about this type of testing was to a great deal correct, I do not enjoy sorting puzzles , dislike reading and I cannot be taught by seeing just using words.
I guess we are all unique Ms Cherrie
DeleteThe Multiple Intelligence test results showed that i am a very musical person and that i am also Intrapersonal.Indeed i love music and like to use it in my work but can't play a musical instrument if my life depend on it. And being Intrapersonal states that i consider my own aim and achieve them which i most often do i always try to improve myself i never find myself being a stagnant person.My lowerst score was on bodily -kinesthetic and not surprise am not active person never have been and surly don't like math so this is expected . I was nice to know a little more about myself
ReplyDeleteI totally agree with you we all love music but can bearly handle a musical instrument. you have some commonities with my lowest was on bodily- kinesthetic we are not active people but we can sure improve our situation.
DeleteDr. Howard Gardner indicated that educators and parents can learn student's or a child's strengths and weaknesses through multiple intelligence testing. The results should illustrated the preferred learning style which gives the opportunity to being productive. After completing the test, it depicted equal strengths in logical and interpersonal intelligence. On the contrary, I am less kinaesthetic/ bodily-kinesthetic which simply means that I do not use my body to learn, but it's alarming because I love to incorporate dance and drama in my lessons.
ReplyDeleteNatural intelligences are the cognitive problem-solving skills that I possess such as logical-mathematical and interpersonal. It is proven that I do have strengths in thinking logically and am good with numbers ; in addition, I love to empathize and understand building a strong teamwork through communication is essential.
I was amazed and pleased with the results.
I really like that you are in tune with yourself and aware of what your styles are, even if you were a little surprised by a few. It's great to hear that you incorporate a learning style into your lessons, which you thought was a major style of your own but turns out that it wasn't. To me, this shows that as a teacher, you are putting a genuine effort into your student's education, so much so that you are able to teach using different styles that are not 100% your own learning style. Good job teach!
DeleteAccording to the stages of Piaget's stages of development, children are expected to pass through all four stages of development. Through our sensory motor stage we learn how to develop our senses. Children learn to understand when things are touchable or can be seen. While groing we continue to develop a sense of selfishness we do not care about nothing or no one else. Then while groing more we learn how to see things differently this helps us to see things more sensibly. When they get much older we start to reason out things that they have not experienced in life.I think these four stages will help us to be more responsible in life
ReplyDeleteI agree with the results of my multiple intelligence survey I did. My survey explained to me that I am a musical person. I totally agree. I am a musical person. I enjoy music it releases me of stress and keeps me entertained day and night. Through music it helps to get across positive messages. I believe that should include music in our life because it serves multiple purposes. My results also shows me that I am an interpersonal person who enjoys being around people and enjoy being around family and friends. T key to a positive relationship includes communication at its highest level. Through communication, I would be able to get across my message carefully and help others to understand things well. Logical-Mathematical and bodily-Kinaesthetic are my weakness. S I need to improve in my movements and try to get myself involve in some type of sport or a dance something I believe can happen in time.
ReplyDeleteI totally agree with you Catherine. Music serves as many purposes in our lives. And we both need to get involved in something to work on our bodily-kinaesthetic section.
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ReplyDeleteAfter completing the Multiple Intelligence Survey and reading up Gardner’s seven distinct Intelligences I found it to be very interesting. As a teacher I like that it allows us to understand the different ways in which people learn hence, we can use our creativity to cater to the different learning styles of our children since we already know that everyone cannot learn the same material in the same way. However, the results left me wondering if I truly know myself in terms of the way I learn, remember, perform, and understand.
ReplyDeleteAfter analyzing and processing the results from the test my highest score was Intrapersonal which revealed that I am self-aware and in tune with my inner feelings, values, beliefs and thinking processes. I also found that my strengths were in musical, interpersonal and logical-mathematical. For me these go hand in hand. Receiving the same scores in these areas made me reflect on how much I love music that I try to incorporate it in my lessons for different subjects especially math when learning tables and formulas. Music calms, relaxes and keeps me focused. It doesn’t matter what genre of music. In math I do need to form concepts before dealing with the details. And even though I like keeping to myself I find that I am a people person, I can easily relate to and enjoy working with people. Linguistic was one of my weak areas of which I accept since am not big on words and even though I like to read seeing too many words tend to bored me and my interest is lost very easily.
After completing Gardeners Multiple Intelligence Test I found out my strengths and weakness. My weakness are logical-mathematical and spatial visual. Therefore, I know that I need to build them up by doing more drawings, crossword puzzles and read the map more often. As for the rest of intelligence, bodily kinetics, musical. interpersonal, intrapersonal was very good because i am a person that like to move around a lot, communicate through body language and love music.
ReplyDeleteI like Shanine's comment because I looked at the test as being something set. I interpreted it as a tool used to measure the ways in which a person learns best, however; her comment suggests that she needs to "build" up her weaknesses. Although the test does show how best a person learns, looking at the lower grades as weaknesses that can be strengthened is a very good approach to moving forward in become a better learner who is in active control of my learning.
DeleteI like your perspective Ms. Haylock! :)
Jean Piaget studied children cognitive development. He believes that they learn best when exploring the environment. According to him, learning is an active mental process and we have mental schemas. These mental schemas are building blocks of knowledge. We build the schemas either through assimilation or accommodation. Assimilation is when stimulus are similar to our previous experience. Accommodation happens when stimulus is different, therefore we must adapt or change our mental schema to accommodate new knowledge. They are four stages that he has developed.
ReplyDelete1. Sensorimotor stage is from birth to age two. The child learns through hearing, seeing or touching. The child will develop object permanence that will allow them to understand that an object still exists when it is covered.
2. Preoperational is from age two to seven. Language increases and imagination grows. However, the child is egocentric viewing everything from their perspective.
3. Concrete is from ages seven to twelve. The child increases in knowledge of the world and now able to take in other perspective. They understand conservation and reversibility.
4. Formal is from ages twelve through adulthood. The person is able to think abstract.
I only agree with Piaget first and third stages of cognitive development since that is what I observed when my baby was growing up. I do not agree with Preoperational stage. I believe children at that age are not egocentric because we do have children that obey and respect their parent’s thoughts. Formal, I totally disagree they are people who will never reach this stage if based only on age. They are other factors like school, finance, and self-confidence that may come into play.
Jean William Fritz Piaget was born on the 9th of August 1896 in Neuchatel, Switzerland and died at the age of 84 in Geneva, Switzerland on the 16th of September 1980. His major fields were developmental psychology and epistemology. He was known for his works of constructivism, genetic epistemology, ego-centrism, object performance and the famous theory of cognitive development; which i will further elaborate on.
ReplyDeleteMr. Jean Piaget was famously known for his theory of cognitive development which has four stages:
1. Sensorimoter Stage: this stage is from birth to two years old. In this stage children experience the world through movement and their five senses. They are extremely egocentric, meaning they cannot see the world from other's viewpoints. He also divided this stage into six sub-stages.
2. Piaget's second stage is the Pre-Operational stage which starts when the child begins learning to speak at age 2 up until the age of 7. In this stage, he noted that children does not yet understand the concrete logic and that children's increase of playing and pretending takes place.
3. The Concrete Operational stage is the third stage that lasts from ages 7 to 11. In the Concrete Operational stage children can now conserve and think logically and they are no longer egocentric.
4. The last stage is the Formal Operational stage. This fourth stage lasts from the age of 11 up to the age of 16 and onward. In this stage children develop abstract thought and can easily conserve and think logically in their mind.
Overall, i should say that in a sense I agree with Piaget's stages and in another no because of how I have observed my little niece and sister growing up. However, it is a very popular theory and most individuals agree with him.
Also, I would like to share the results of the Multiple Intelligence (MI) Test that I took. The MI test basically includes questions asked that will then result up to you being rated with categories of
ReplyDelete• Kinesthetic (Body Smart)
• Linguistic (Word Smart)
• Logical (Number Smart)
• Interpersonal (People Smart)
• Intrapersonal (Myself Smart)
• Musical (Music Smart)
• Visual/ Spatial (Picture Smart)
• Naturalistic (Nature Smart).
Based on my results it says that my highest score was in the Interpersonal section, then on to the Naturalistic section. The third high score I got was in the Linguistic section and then on to the Visual/ Spatial section. The fifth section was the Musical section and I was on to the Interpersonal section. The last section I scored in was the kinesthetic section. This is simply saying that I am very good when it comes to me and nature. Then I am just good when it is based on numbers, pictures and music. Then I am fair when it is based on people smart. Lastly, when it is based on word smart and body smart which I am not so good in, but fair in some way.
Overall, I believe the scores I got were true because I am very good when it comes to situations with myself and nature. And I also like dealing with words, reading writing or even solving word puzzles. I am sort of a people person in some senses, well lets say most of the time, but there always comes a time I would just rather be by myself than with others. When it comes to music, numbers and the other sections I can personally say I am not so interested in.
This MI survey helped me to further see my strengths and weaknesses. Now, I use my strengths to help others and also myself but I can also now begin to work on my weaknesses.
I agree with you Stacey, it dose help us to see our strengths and weaknesses.
DeleteThe MI test based on Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligence model appeared to be very accurate for me. I have always felt that I learn, teach and live my life across an almost even spectrum rather than very specifically in one domain. I was not surprised that some of my scores were much lower than others, like in math and logic, because I feel that this was something I had known for some time.
ReplyDeleteMy score on the Multiple Intelligence test showed that I am equally linguistic and intra-personal, first and foremost then inter-personal behind by a point and musical behind by two. My math, logic, movement and spatial awareness senses are close behind but not quite as high as the first 'intelligences'.
What I got from both the test and the results, was that people and children learn in a variety of different ways. It is possible for one child to learn predominantly through linguistics while another in the very same classroom learns through bodily-kinesthetics and another still may be more musically inclined. This suggests that if teaching is only done to appease the linguistic learner the others who weigh more heavily on different ways of learning will not be benefiting fully from the lesson. Knowing the different learning styles and capabilities of the children and or adults you teach is crucial in being an effective teacher.
After completing the multiple intelligence test the result shows that I am a Interpersonal and Musical person. While I am a less Linguistic and Bodily-Kinesthetic person. I totally agree with my result which is Interpersonal because I am a very emotional person and I could feel sorry for someone easily even if I don't know him/her. I can easily relate to others feelings and understands the relationship between people and their situation, including other people. I could interpret someone moods from their facial expressions also could demonstrate their feelings through body language. I am a good learner through communications, teamwork and human contact. My intelligence roles is a teacher, doctors, educators and counsellors. I strongly believe I am in the correct field of becoming a teacher. Musical is the second intelligence type I also get a high score on. I am a musical person I enjoy listening to music when I feel sad or down. Music means a lot to me especially when I am meditating or doing homework. I found out that music really calm me down when I am upset and when I am not feeling good like when I am sick.
ReplyDeleteJean Piaget was a psychologist and philosopher. He was very knowing for the cognitive stage of development. His theory of cognitive child development was detailed observational studies of cognitive in children. Piaget believes that children think different ways than adults do. with Piaget work it showed that children are born with a very basic genetically inherited mental structure that evolves and is the foundation for all subsequent learning and knowledge. He saw cognitive development as a progressive reorganization of mental processes resulting from maturation and experience. Piaget believed children will construct an understanding of the world around them, and will then experience between what they already know and what they discover in their environment. Piaget have four types of stage of development:
ReplyDelete1. Sensorimotor stage: knowledge develops through sensory and motor abilities. 2. Preoperational Stage: knowledge is represented by language, mental imagery, and symbolic thought. 3. Concrete Operational stage: children can reason logically about concrete objects and events. 4. Formal Operational: children can think deeply about concrete events and can reason abstractly and hypothetically.
After taking the MI (Multiple Intelligence) test, i found it to be very interested. It has shown me that from each of these Kinesthetic (Body Smart), Linguistic (Word Smart), Logical (Number Smart), Interpersonal (People Smart), Intrapersonal (Myself Smart), Musical (Music Smart), Visual/ Spatial (Picture Smart) and Naturalistic (Nature Smart). My result shows that am more of a Musical, visual/spatial, Naturalistic, and interpersonal have been my high score. I agree with these results simply because am musical incline and very artistic person love nature and picture smart. This test simply points out my strengths and weaknesses, helping me to know what area I need to improve in.
ReplyDelete